https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gkt137831.html Mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have wide applications in regenerative medicine but their clinical translation is largely hindered by limited production capacity of current cell expansion regime. This study utilizes novel dispersible and dissolvable porous microcarrier tablets, 3D TableTrix™ in stirred bioreactor to demonstrate a scalable expansion protocol for industrial manufacturing of hMSCs. 3D TableTrix™ are ready-to-use tablets that disperse into tens of thousands porous microcarriers upon contact with culture media, eliminating the need to prepare microcarriers before cell seeding, hence simplifying operation process. We demonstrated over 500 times expansion of adipose-derived hMSCs using serum-free culture medium in 11 days with bead-to-bead transfer for a partial scale-up from laboratory-scale spinner flasks to a 1L bioreactor system. A final yield of 1.05±0.11×10 with an overall expansion factor of 1530 could theoretically be realized with full scale-up. Cells were harvested by dissolving microcarriers with 98.6±0.1% recovery rate. Cells retained their immunophenotypic characteristics, tri-lineage differentiation potential and genome stability with low indications of senescence phenotype. This study illuminates the potential of industrializing clinical-grade hMSC production using 3D TableTrix™ microcarrier tablets and stirred tank bioreactors.Introduction Human babesiosis is reported throughout the world and is endemic in the northeastern and northern Midwestern United States and northeastern China. Transmission is primarily through hard bodied ticks. Most cases of severe disease occur in immunocompromised individuals and may result in prolonged relapsing disease or death.Areas covered We provide a summary of evidence supporting current treatment recommendations for immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals experiencing babesiosis.Expert opinion Most cases of human babesiosis are successfully treat