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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/nhwd-870.html This trial was registered at irct.ir with number of IRCT20100524004010N23. This trial was registered at irct.ir with number of IRCT20100524004010N23. High glycaemic variability (GV) is associated with late complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesised that a carbohydrate-reduced high-protein (CRHP) diet would reduce GV acutely in patients with T2D compared with a conventional diabetes (CD) diet. In this controlled, randomised crossover study, 16 patients with metformin-treated T2D (median (IQR) age 64.0 (58.8-68.0) years; HbA 47 (43-57) mmol/mol; duration of T2D 5.5 (2.8-10.3) years) were assigned to an energy-matched CRHP diet and CD diet (31E%/54E% carbohydrate, 29E%/16E% protein and 40E%/30E% fat, respectively) for two separate 48-h intervention periods. Interstitial continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed to assess accepted measures of glycaemic variability, i.e. standard deviation (SD) around the sensor glucose level; coefficient of variation in percent (CV); mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE); continuous overlapping net glycaemic action (CONGA , CONGA ) of observations 1 and 4h apart; and mean absolute glucose (MAG) change. All indices of glycaemic variability (mean±SD) were significantly reduced during CRHP diet compared with CD diet; including SD (1.0±0.3 (CRHP) vs 1.6±0.5mmol/L (CD)), CV (12.3±3.8 vs 19.3±5.5%), MAGE (2.3±0.9 vs 4.2±1.3mmol/L), CONGA (0.8±0.3 vs 1.5±0.4mmol/L), CONGA (1.4±0.5 vs 2.5±0.8mmol/L), and MAG change (0.9±0.3 vs 1.4±0.4mmol/L/h) (p<0.001 for all). Compared with the CD diet, the CRHP diet improved the diurnal glucose profile by reducing 24-h mean sensor glucose (7.7±1.6 vs 8.6±2.0mmol/L). In T2D patients treated with diet and metformin, two days of iso-energetic replacement of dietary carbohydrates by protein and fat reduced all indices of glycaemic variability by 36%-45% when compared with a conventional diabetes diet. These data may support reduction o

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