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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/flt3-in-3.html Furthermore, we observed that, for sufficiently high input energies, high frequency harmonics at approximately 45 Hz, were generated in the response of the CC, which, in turn, are associated with high-frequency oscillations of the CC. Such harmonics might potentially lead to strain localization in the CC. This work is a step towards understanding the brain dynamics during traumatic injury. Copyright (c) 2020 by ASME.AIMS Central venous catheter (CVC) related thrombosis is a major cause of CVC dysfunction in patients under hemodialysis. Our study aims to investigate the influence of central venous catheter (CVC) insertion on the hemodynamic environment in the central veins and to see what hemodynamics changes due to the implantation of CVC might be related to thrombus formation. METHODS Patient-specific models of the central veins before and after the insertion of CVC were rebuilt on the basis of computed tomography. Flow patterns in the vein were numerically simulated to obtain hemodynamic parameters including time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), relative residence time (RRT),oscillating shear index (OSI) and normalized transWSS under pulsatile flow condition. RESULTS The placement of CVC makes significant changes on the hemodynamic environment in the central veins. A great disturbance and increase of velocity can be observed in central veins after the insertion of CVC. As a result, TAWSS and transWSS were markedly increased, but most parts of OSI and RRT decreased. Comparing with the clinical data, it's revealed that thrombosis mainly occurred at sections with elevated normalized transWSS. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that the flow disturbance especially the flow multi-directionality induced by the CVC might be the decisive factor to initiate thrombosis after CVC implantation. Accordingly, approaches to reduce the flow disturbance in the CVC placement might help to restrain the thrombosis. More case study with

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