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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/NVP-AEW541.html Estimations of NOx emissions with modelling based on continuous NOx concentration monitoring suggested that Euro 6 b diesel cars can provide NOx emissions close to the current RDE legislation. In addition, the modelling suggested that the Euro 6 b car with updated ECU software and the Euro 6 d-TEMP diesel car are capable of extremely low daily average NOx emissions, even close to 20 mg/km, in normal daily usage. Nevertheless, the monitoring results and model also suggest that cold ambient temperature has a high effect on the NOx emissions reduction performance of these vehicles, occasionally increasing their daily average emissions to as high as 900 mg/km.The collection of field-based animal data is laborious, risky and costly in some areas, such as various nature reserves. Although multiple studies have used satellite imagery, aerial imagery, and field data individually for some animal species surveys, several technical issues still need to be addressed before full standardization of remote sensing methods for modeling animal population dynamics over large areas. This study is the first to model the population dynamics of livestock in the Longbao Wetland National Nature Reserve, China by utilizing yak estimations from Worldview-2 satellite imagery (0.5 m) collected in 2010 and yaks counted in a ground-based survey conducted in 2011 in combination with the animal population structure precisely extracted from UAS imagery captured in 2016. As a consequence, 5501, 5357, and 5510 yaks were estimated to appear in the reserve in 2010, 2011 and 2016, respectively. In total, 1092, 1062 and 1092 sheep were estimated to appear in the reserve in 2010, 2011 and 2016, respectively. The uncertainty of the presented method is also discussed. Primary experiments show that both the satellite imagery and UAS imagery are promising for use in yak censuses, but no sheep were observed in the satellite imagery because of the low resolut

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