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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/wz4003.html This study investigated the impact of meat processing surface bacteria (MPB) on biofilm formation by non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), and potential links between biofilm formation by STEC and biofilm-related genes in their genomes. Biofilm development by 50 MPB and 6 STEC strains in mono- and co-cultures was assessed by the crystal violet staining method, and their expression of curli and cellulose was determined using the Congo red agar method. Genes (n = 141) associated with biofilm formation in the STEC strains were profiled. Biofilm formation in general correlated with cellulose and curli expression in both mono- and co-cultures. Most MPB strains had antagonistic effects on the biofilm formation of the STEC strains. Of the genes investigated, 81% were common among the STEC strains and there seems to be a gene-redundancy in biofilm formation. The inability of the O26 strain to form biofilms could be due to mutations in the rpoS gene. Truncation in the mlrA gene in the O145 strain seems not affecting its biofilm formation alone or with MPB. The O45 strain, despite having the greatest number of biofilm-related genes, did not form measurable biofilms. Overall, biofilm formation of STEC was affected by curli-cellulose expression and companion strains.Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is a zoonotic microorganism and rarely reported in duck production chain. This study aimed to investigate prevalence, serotype distribution, antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity of C. perfringens at different stages of a duck production chain. In total, 319 samples were collected from a large-scale rearing and slaughter one-stop enterprise in Weifang, China, of which 42.95% of samples were positive for C. perfringens. All isolates were genotype A. Cpe and cpb2 genes were found in 2.54% and 24.87% of the isolates, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 55.47% of the isolates res

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