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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/phenol-red-sodium-salt.html Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world due to the high incidence of the diseases coupled with the limited therapeutic options. In recent years, advances in regenerative medicine have emerged as a promising treatment. Differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into cardiac cells and emerging technologies allowing arrangement of cells into complex 3D tissue-like structures open new frontiers for transplantation and engraftment of these tissue patches onto the damaged heart. Despite the cells integrating and presenting initial neovascularization, the functional and electric properties of these patches are still not comparable with those of the host cardiac tissue. Future research optimizing maturation and integration of the iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes is paramount for cardiac cell therapy to attain clinical use. Herein, we will review the state of the art and the different approaches to constructing these 3D transplantable structures.Conditional, cell-type-specific transgenic mouse lines are of high value in cardiovascular research. A standard tool for cardiomyocyte-restricted DNA editing is the αMHC-MerCreMer/loxP system. However, there is an ongoing debate on the occurrence of cardiac side effects caused by unspecific Cre activity or related to tamoxifen/oil overload. Here, we investigated potential adverse effects of DNA editing by the αMHC-MerCreMer/loxP system in combination with a low-dose treatment protocol with the tamoxifen metabolite 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OH-Txf). αMHC-MerCreMer mice received intraperitoneally OH-Txf (20 mg/kg) for 5 or 10 days. These treatment protocols were highly efficient to induce DNA editing in adult mouse hearts. Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging revealed neither transient nor permanent effects on cardiac function during or up to 19 days after 5 day OH-Txf treatment. Furthermore, OH-Txf did not affect cardiac phosphocrea

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