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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bindarit.html The toxicity of aluminum (Al) to plants in acidic soils depends on the Al species in soil solution. The effects of crop straw biochars on Al species in the soil solution, and canola growth and yield were investigated in this study. In a long-term field experiment, there were four treatments, which were a control, rice straw biochar (RSB), canola straw biochar (CSB), and peanut straw biochar (PSB). The soil solution was collected in situ, the Al species were identified, and the relationships between the concentration of phytotoxic Al and canola growth and yield were evaluated. The results showed that applying the three biochars resulted in significant decreases in the concentrations of total Al, monomeric Al, and monomeric inorganic Al (P RSB, which was consistent with the alkalinity of these biochars. Application of the biochars significantly decreased the concentration of phytotoxic Al (Al3+ + Al-OH), which improved canola growth and increased the canola seed and straw yields. Plant height, leaf number per plant, area per leaf, chlorophyll content, and canola yield were negatively correlated with the Al3+ + Al-OH concentrations. Therefore, the results showed that crop straw biochars can be used to ameliorate soil acidity and alleviate Al toxicity in acidic soils, and that peanut straw biochar is the best amendment for acidic soils.Continued long-term monitoring of vegetation activity in national key ecological function zones (NKEFZs) has implications for national ecological security and sustainability in China. We used Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI3g) dataset to map and analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of change in vegetation growth and their linkage with climate change and human activities in NKEFZs during 1982-2013. Statistically significant increases of growing season, spring, and autumn NDVI were observed during all or most periods while 25

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