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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pkr-in-c16.html Roles for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in gene regulation remain largely unexplored. With hundreds of rDNA units positioned across multiple loci, it is not possible to genetically modify rRNA in mammalian cells, hindering understanding of ribosome function. It remains elusive whether expansion segments (ESs), tentacle-like rRNA extensions that vary in sequence and size across eukaryotic evolution, may have functional roles in translation control. Here, we develop variable expansion segment-ligand chimeric ribosome immunoprecipitation RNA sequencing (VELCRO-IP RNA-seq), a versatile methodology to generate species-adapted ESs and to map specific mRNA regions across the transcriptome that preferentially associate with ESs. Application of VELCRO-IP RNA-seq to a mammalian ES, ES9S, identified a large array of transcripts that are selectively recruited to ribosomes via an ES. We further characterize a set of 5' UTRs that facilitate cap-independent translation through ES9S-mediated ribosome binding. Thus, we present a technology for studying the enigmatic ESs of the ribosome, revealing their function in gene-specific translation.Membrane contact sites facilitate the exchange of metabolites between organelles to support interorganellar communication. The nucleus-vacuole junctions (NVJs) establish physical contact between the perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the vacuole. Although the NVJ tethers are known, how NVJ abundance and composition are controlled in response to metabolic cues remains elusive. Here, we identify the ER protein Snd3 as central factor for NVJ formation. Snd3 interacts with NVJ tethers, supports their targeting to the contacts, and is essential for NVJ formation. Upon glucose exhaustion, Snd3 relocalizes from the ER to NVJs and promotes contact expansion regulated by central glucose signaling pathways. Glucose replenishment induces the rapid dissociation of Snd3 from the NVJs, preceding the slow disas

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