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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/su6656.html Schisandra chinensis, Lycium chinense, and Cornus officinalis are cultivated in South Korea, China and Japan. Because of their beneficial biological effectiveness, the consumption of these herbs is increasing. The objective of this study was to analyze the pesticide residue levels on these herbal fruits produced in Korea. A short- and long-term risk assessment of the pesticides in herbal fruits was conducted. Pesticides were detected in most samples, and all samples with multiple residues were also noted. The average numbers of pesticides detected in the S. chinensis, L. chinense, and C. officinalis samples were 1.84, 10.28, and 5.87, respectively. The short-term and highest long-term risks, and the cumulative risk (cHI) were 0.633%, 1.14%, and 7.56% (S. chinensis), 1.0 × 10-1%, 1.1 × 10-5%, and 4.0 × 10-5% (L. chinense), and 2.2 × 10-5%, 1.6 × 10-5%, and 8.9 × 10-5% (C. officinalis). No significant health risk for consumers via herbal fruit consumption was detected.In this study, the amplifiable DNA from refined vegetable oils was isolated by using commercial DNA extraction kits based on the CTAB method in combination with nucleic acid enrichment, and then the presence of genetically modified (GM) soybean and maize DNA in the oils was traced by PCR. The results showed that the duration and intensity of heating had no significant effect on the DNA stability and concentration in oils for a short period, suggesting that DNA in oils could be stably reserved for a certain time, thus making it possible to trace down refined vegetable oils reliably and effectively. The results provided a set of primers suitable for systematic GM oil detection. More importantly, this study made an important contribution to the economical and reliable detection of GM vegetable oils regarding food authenticity issues.This research focused on physiochemical and nutritional properties and functional characterization of three cultivars of yuzu-Na

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