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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pf-543.html The annual emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), CO, NOx, NO, NO2, HONO, HNO3, NOy, SO2, SO42-, BC, organic carbon (OC) and PM2.5 with corrected emission parameters are 3.82 × 105 kg, 4.35 × 106 kg, 5.36 × 106 kg, 4.40 × 106 kg, 9.58 × 105 kg, 1.03 × 105 kg, 3.83 × 103 kg, 5.47 × 106 kg, 3.56 × 105 kg, 1.31 × 104 kg, 5.43 × 104 kg, 4.73 × 103 kg and 7.22 × 104 kg, respectively, while the application of the maximum height of the mixing layer contributes to emission increases as high as 16.9% (NOx). An alternative estimation of BC emissions leads to an increase of 50% compared with first-order approximation 3 (FOA3), while a reduction in PM2.5 emissions can be expected by minimizing the FSC. The growing use of octocrylene (OC) in sunscreens has posed a great threat to aquatic organisms. In the present study, to assess its reproductive toxicity and mechanism, paired Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) (F0) were exposed to OC at nominal concentrations of 5, 50, and 500 μg/L for 28 d. Significant increases were observed in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) of F0 medaka at 500 μg/L OC (p less then 0.05) without significant differences in fecundity. The fertility was significantly decreased at all treatments (p less then 0.05). Significant increases in the percent of mature oocytes were observed at 5 and 500 μg/L OC, in which contrary to the percent of spermatozoa (p less then 0.05). The plasma sex hormones and vitellogenin levels significantly increased in males at all treatments and in females at 50 and 500 μg/L OC (p less then 0.05). In addition, the levels of fshβ and lhβ in the brains and the levels of fshr, lhr and cyp17α in the gonads were significantly upregulated in males at all treatments (p less then 0.05), in line with those of ar, erα, erβ and cyp19β in the brains of male and female. The upregulation of vtg in male and female livers was observed only at 500 μg/L OC and upregulation of star and

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