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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/necrostatin-1.html The aim of treatment is to obtain a stable and functional joint.Long-term data remain scarce in the literature due to limited indications. Cite this article EFORT Open Rev 2020;5713-723. DOI 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190059.Surgical treatment of acetabular fractures remains challenging even for experienced surgeons.Whilst the ilioinguinal and the Kocher-Langenbeck approach remain the standard procedures to expose the anterior or posterior aspects of the acetabulum, some modified anterior approaches for the stabilization of the acetabulum have been introduced.This article will provide an overview of approaches to the anterior aspect of the acetabulum and explain the efforts that have been made to improve the surgeon's options for certain fracture modifications, such as fractures with separation of the quadrilateral surface. Cite this article EFORT Open Rev 2020;5707-712. DOI 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190061.Thirty per cent of patients presenting with proximal femoral fractures are receiving anticoagulant treatment for various other medical reasons. This pharmacological effect may necessitate reversal prior to surgical intervention to avoid interference with anaesthesia or excessive peri/post-operative bleeding. Consequently, delay to surgery usually occurs.Platelet inhibitors (aspirin, clopidogrel) either alone or combined do not need to be discontinued to allow acute hip surgery. Platelet transfusions can be useful but are rarely needed.Vitamin K antagonists (VKA, e.g. warfarin) should be reversed in a timely fashion and according to established readily accessible departmental protocols. Intravenous vitamin K on admission facilitates reliable reversal, and platelet complex concentrate (PCC) should be reserved for extreme scenarios.Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) must be discontinued prior to hip fracture surgery but the length of time depends on renal function ranging traditionally from two to four days.Recent evidence s

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