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https://www.selleckchem.com/products/isa-2011b.html 9 months vs 7.3 months, p less then 0.05). Moreover, the recurrence rate during the first 6 months was 3.7% in patients who underwent HAL-TURB and 16% in those who received WL-TURB (p less then 0.01). CONCLUSION The results of the study show that recurrence-free survival was longer in patients undergoing HAL-TURB compared to the patients who received standard WL-TURB.INTRODUCTION Penile cancer is rare, accounting for less than 1% of all male cancers in industrialized countries. It is most common in areas of high prevalence of HPV, being a third of cases attributed to the carcinogenic effect of HPV. Tumour cells infected with HPV overexpress p16INK4a, as such p16INK4a has been used as a surrogate of HPV infections. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic factor of p16INK4a overexpression in penile cancer. METHODS Retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with penile cancer, submitted to surgery in a Portuguese Oncological Institution in the last 20 years (n = 35). Histological review of surgical pieces and immunohistochemical identification of p16INK4a. Relation between p16INK4a and the following factors were studied age, histological subtype, tumour dimensions, grade, TNM stage, perineural invasion, perivascular invasion, disease free survival (DFS) and cancer specific survival (CSS). RESULTS p16INK4a was positive in 8 patients (22.9%). Identification of p16INK4a did not correlate with none of the histopathological factors. In this work we identified a better DFS and CSS in patients positive for p16INK4a (DFS at 36 months was 100.0% vs. 66.7%; CSS at 36 months was 100.0% vs. 70.4%), although without statistical significance (p > 0.05). In multivariate analysis of histopathological factors studied, only N staging correlated with DFS and CSS (p = 0.017 and p = 0.014, respectively). DISCUSSION the percentage of cases positive for p16INK4a is smaller than the one found in literature, which can suggest a less relevant p

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