Analytic energy gradients with respect to nuclear coordinates for an exact exchange-only (EXX) Kohn-Sham method are presented. In the underlying EXX method, the exact exchange potential is obtained as the electrostatic potential of an exchange charge density, which is determined via the optimized effective potential method. Parts of the presented calculation of analytic EXX energy gradients can be reused for analytic energy gradients in self-consistent Kohn-Sham methods treating correlation via the adiabatic-connection fluctuation-dissipation theorem, e.g., methods relying on the random phase approximation. A version of the analytic EXX energy gradients that uses density-fitting is shown to be highly efficient. The accuracy of the analytic energy gradients is tested by comparison with numerically calculated gradients.For a standard model of patchy colloidal fluids with patch number M = 2, where chain formation (polymerization) occurs, we show that Wertheim theory predicts critical behavior at vanishing density and temperature. The analysis is based on determining lines in the phase diagram of maximal correlation length and compressibility. Simulation studies identify the latter line and confirm our prediction of Fisher-Widom crossover, i.e., the asymptotic decay of the pair correlation function changes from monotonic to damped oscillatory as the density is increased. For M > 2, it is known that phase separation occurs with a true critical point. Our results support the notion that a "disappearing" critical point occurs in the limit M = 2 and we uncover its remnants.BACKGROUND The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of Pycnogenol® and CA (Centellicum®) on penile fibrosis and on associated signs and symptoms. METHODS A group of 82 subjects with penile nodules and plaques was included in this registry study and followed up for 3 months; 32 were managed with standard management (SM) only. Twenty-four were managed with CA (Centellicum® 3 capsules/day 675 mg/day) in association with SM, and 26 subjects were managed with Pycnogenol® (150 mg/day) + CA (Centellicum® at the same dosage as in group 2) and SM. RESULTS Subjects in the 3 groups were comparable, including the distribution of plaques. The occurrence of any previous catheterizations was also comparable. Safety and tolerability were optimal, no subjects had to stop supplementation. The percentage of subjects with improved symptoms evaluated with a Visual Analogue Scale line was significantly higher with both supplements in comparison with SM (P less then 0.05). The combined management with Pycnogenol® and Centellicum® was superior to the other 2 managements (P less then 0.05). Erectile function assessed by the Index of Erectile Fuction questionnaire (IIEF) was significantly higher with the combination Pycnogenol®+Centellicum (P less then 0.05). The number of plaques and microplaques, the average total sectional area of the plaques in each subject and the grey scale median were all better improved with the combination. Both supplementations were superior to SM at 12 weeks (P less then 0.05). Oxidative stress resulted significantly better (P less then 0.05) with the combination. All blood tests were normal at inclusion and at 12 weeks. The minimal, penile curvature at baseline was reduced in both the supplement groups at 12 weeks more than in the SM group (P less then 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion Centellicum and Pycnogenol® appear to improve penile fibrosis reducing the keloidal aspects of penile plaques.BACKGROUND Pelvic adhesions can form secondary to inflammation, endometriosis, or surgical trauma. Strategies to reduce pelvic adhesion formation include placing barrier agents such as oxidised regenerated cellulose, polytetrafluoroethylene, and fibrin or collagen sheets between pelvic structures. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of barrier agents used during pelvic surgery on rates of pain, live birth, and postoperative adhesions in women of reproductive age. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases in August 2019 the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility (CGF) Specialised Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Epistemonikos, and trial registries.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/VX-765.html  We searched reference lists of relevant papers, conference proceedings, and grey literature sources. We contacted pharmaceutical companies for information and handsearched relevant journals and conference a, and publication bias could not be ruled out. Copyright © 2020 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.INTRODUCTION  Spontaneous pneumothorax occurs rarely during pregnancy with less than 100 cases reported in the English literature. There is no strong evidence concerning the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax during pregnancy and labor. The aim of this study is to systematically review all the reported cases and to suggest recommendations for its diagnosis and treatment. METHODS  A PubMed research was conducted. The following data were collected maternal age, gestation age (weeks), presence of underlying lung pathology, initial management, definitive management, obstetric outcome, and the complications for the mother and the fetus. RESULTS  Eighty-seven cases were identified. The mean maternal age was 27 years (standard deviation [SD] ± 6). The mean gestational age was 25 weeks (SD ± 11.4). In 37.9% of cases, there was no underlying lung disease. In the majority of cases (67.4%), the initial treatment was the placement of a chest tube. In 48% of cases, the pneumothorax was resolved with conservative treatment. Surgical therapy was performed either antepartum or postpartum. In 58.6% of cases, there was a vaginal delivery, spontaneous or instrumental. In three cases (3.4%), there were fetal complications. CONCLUSION  The analysis of the current literature provides low evidence, since there are only case reports and small case series. It is likely that the frequency of this condition is underestimated. However, this analysis permits to draw some conclusions concerning the timing of pneumothorax treatment, the operative strategy, and the mode of delivery to decrease the risk for the mother and the fetus. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.