https://www.selleckchem.com/products/corn-oil.html longispinus are mixed together within Tremblaya cells, and that their genomes are somewhat reduced in size compared with their closest nonendosymbiotic relatives. Both gammaproteobacterial genomes contain thousands of pseudogenes, consistent with a relatively recent shift from a free-living to an endosymbiotic lifestyle. Biosynthetic pathways of key metabolites are partitioned in complex interdependent patterns among the two gammaproteobacterial genomes, the Tremblaya genome, and horizontally acquired bacterial genes that are encoded on the mealybug nuclear genome. Although these two gammaproteobacterial endosymbionts have been acquired recently in evolutionary time, they have already evolved codependencies with each other, Tremblaya, and their insect host. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe diabetic complication. Dioscorea zingiberensis (DZ) possesses excellent pharmacological properties with lower toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of DZ in DN. DN was established by the high-fat diet combining intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in mice. The DZ (125 and 250 mg/kg/day) were intragastrical administered for 8 consecutive weeks. After treatment, blood, urine and kidney tissue were collected for biological detection, renal morphology, fibrosis and molecular mechanism research, respectively. This study has shown that DZ significantly ameliorated kidney hypertrophy, renal structural damage and abnormal function of the kidney indicators (creatinine, urinary protein and blood urea nitrogen). Further molecular mechanism data suggested that the NLRP3/Cleaved-caspase-1 signal pathway was remarkably activated in DN, and DZ treatment reversed these changes, which indicated that it effectively attenuated inflammatory response caused by hyperglycaemia. In addition, DN inhibits hyperglycaemia-induced activation of oxidative stress by suppressing the expression of p66Shc pro