https://www.selleckchem.com/products/hs-173.html While patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and tuberculosis (TB) have similar risk factors, little is known regarding the prevalence of HBV and TB coinfection. We aim to evaluate the prevalence of HBV among patients with TB across world regions. We systematically reviewed the literature using PubMed from inception through September 1, 2019, to identify studies that provided data to calculate HBV coinfection prevalence among adults with TB infection. Prevalence estimates of HBV coinfection among TB patients were stratified by world regions and calculated using meta-analyses with random-effects models. A total of 36 studies met inclusion criteria (4 from the Africa region, 6 from the Americas region, 5 from the Eastern Mediterranean region, 2 from European region, 6 from Southeast Asia region, and 13 from the Western Pacific region). On meta-analysis, overall pooled HBV coinfection prevalence among TB patients was 7.1%, but varied by world region. Region-specific pooled HBV prevalence among TB linical monitoring and management, which may reduce the risk of liver dysfunction and liver failure related to TB treatment. With the proliferation of virtual learning programs during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is increased need to understand learner experiences and impact on developing expertise. Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (Project ECHO®) is an established hub-and-spoke tele-education model aimed at building capacity and expertise in primary care providers. Our qualitative study explored how learning experiences within an ECHO mental health care program supported provider learning and ability to solve complex clinical problems. We sampled ECHO sessions across a 34-week cycle and analyzed audio transcribed data. Two individuals coded participant interactions during 2-hour recorded sessions using an iterative, constant comparative methodology. The authors identified four key mechanisms of learn