Microbiome plays an important role in plant growth and adaptation to various environmental conditions. The cross-talk between host plant and microbes (including microbe-microbe interactions) plays a crucial role in shaping the microbiome. Recent studies have highlighted that plant microbiome is enriched in genes encoding enzymes and natural products. Several novel antimicrobial compounds, bioactive natural products and lytic/degrading enzymes with industrial implications are being identified from the microbiome. Moreover, advancements in metagenomics and culture techniques are facilitating the development of synthetic microbial communities to promote sustainable agriculture. We discuss the recent advancements, opportunities and challenges in harnessing the full potential of plant microbiome.Plant proteins are biopolymers with interesting technological applications for the food industry due to their ability to interact with phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins. The 3D structure of the 7S globulin from grape seed was elucidated for the first time using a homology model. The constructed 3D model showed that grape seed 7S globulin is rich in α-helices and β-sheets stabilized by six disulfide bridges. The interaction with the major grape anthocyanin malvidin-3-glucoside was also assessed by Docking and Molecular Dynamic simulation. Theoretical results demonstrated that 7S globulin interacts with Mv3glc through hydrogen, alkyl and π-alkyl bonds and the flavylium cation is oriented towards a hydrophobic region of the protein, being protected from hydration. Results provide valuable insights for understanding the mechanisms involved in the molecular interaction of grape anthocyanins with grape seed proteins that could be relevant to use them as potential color protecting agents in food industry applications.The growth and metabolism of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris can lead to the spoilage of commercial fruit juice. Existing methods have some drawbacks such as complex sample pretreatment, skilled technician requirement, reduced sensitivity and specificity. Herein, a novel fluorescence immunoassay was developed using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against A. acidoterrestris as the sensing element and carbon dots (CDs) as the signal response unit. The CDs can be quenched via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) by the oxidization product of p-phenylenediamine (PPD), a chromogenic substrate of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). This approach showed enhanced accuracy and sensitivity with relatively low limit of detection (LOD) of 6.16 × 102 CFU mL-1. Moreover, apple juice contaminated with 1 CFU mL-1 of A. acidoterrestris can be identified after 24 h enrichment. This fluorescence immunoassay could serve as a powerful tool for laboratory identification and on-site inspection of A. acidoterrestris, reducing the adverse effect on the quality of fruit juice.A novel magnetic covalent organic framework (NH2-Fe3O4@COF) was prepared using a simple room-temperature synthesis in this study. These magnetic particles exhibited high adsorption performance with short adsorption time (10 min) for six benzoylurea insecticides (BUs) as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) adsorbents. Quantum chemistry calculation demonstrated that adsorption mechanism was primarily attributed to strong halogen bonds between electronegative O atoms of COF and electropositive F atoms of BUs as well as potential hydrophobic effect. Wide linearities (10-1000 ng·L-1) and low limits of detection (0.06-1.65 ng·L-1) for six analytes were obtained via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Applicability of the proposed method was further evaluated by analyzing four kinds of original tea beverages. Recoveries of six BUs in spiked samples ranged from 80.1% to 108.4%.Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Maxim. is an important seasoning in Chinese cooking, but its bitter taste limits its use by some consumers. In this study, metabolomic analysis based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used to screen out a vast number of potential non-volatile bitter compounds in Z.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/beta-aminopropionitrile.html  bungeanum. Results showed that there were 37 potential bitter compounds in Z. bungeanum, and possible mechanisms underlying its bitter taste were provided. Further, instrumental analyses combined with sensory evaluation were used to identify the key bitter compounds in Gou jiao, a wild variant of Z. Bungeanum with a strong bitter taste. Totally 15 key bitter compounds were identified, most of which have a low bitterness recognition threshold. This study is the first comprehensive identification of non-volatile bitter compounds in Z. bungeanum and provides a basis for future investigations into mitigating bitterness and uncovering how the interaction between different bitter compounds affects taste.Glycation is referred to as the interaction of protein amino and guanidino groups with reducing sugars and carbonyl products of their degradation. Resulting advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) contribute to pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders. Upon their intestinal absorption, dietary sugars and α-dicarbonyl compounds interact with blood proteins yielding AGEs. Although the differences in glycation potential of monosaccharides are well characterized, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To address this question, d-glucose, d-fructose and l-ascorbic acid were incubated with human serum albumin (HSA). The sugars and α-dicarbonyl intermediates of their degradation were analyzed in parallel to protein glycation patterns (exemplified with hydroimidazolone modifications of arginine residues and products of their hydrolysis) by bottom-up proteomics and computational chemistry. Glycation of HSA with sugars revealed 9 glyoxal- and 14 methylglyoxal-derived modification sites. Their dynamics was sugar-specific and depended on concentrations of α-dicarbonyls, their formation kinetics, and presence of stabilizing residues in close proximity to the glycation sites.In this study, we determined the vitamin B12 content of commercially-available edible insect products using a bioassay based on Lactobacillus delbrueckii ATCC 7830. Although the vitamin content of giant water bug, bee larva, grasshopper, and weaver ant products was low, we found that diving beetle and cricket products contained relatively high amounts of vitamin B12 (approximately 89.5 and 65.8 µg/100 g dry weight, respectively). In the cricket products most widely circulated as foods, specific corrinoid (vitamin B12) compounds were extracted and identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Despite the bioassay detecting high vitamin B12 content (approximately 50-75 µg/100 g dry weight) in these cricket products, UPLC-MS/MS analysis indicated that pseudovitamin B12 and 2-methylmercaptoadenyl cobamide (also known as factor S) were actually the predominant corrinoid compounds (~74% and ~21%, respectively), with authentic vitamin B12 making up only 5% of total corrinoids.