https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Clopidogrel-bisulfate.html Recently, the awareness of the wide clinical spectrum of IPEX improved the diagnostic tools. In cases presenting with enteropathy, histological evaluation is helpful, although there are no pathognomonic signs of disease. On the other hand, the study of FOXP3 expression and in vitro Treg function, as well as the detection of specific circulating autoantibodies, is recommended to narrow the differential diagnosis. Nowadays, Sanger sequencing should be limited to cases presenting with the classical triad of symptoms; otherwise, next-generation sequencing is recommended, given the cost-effectiveness and the advantage of excluding IPEX-like syndromes. The latter approach could be time spearing in children with severe phenotypes and candidate to advanced therapies.Aim To perform a comprehensive phenotype-genotype correlation of all rare variants in Triadin leading to malignant arrhythmias in pediatrics. Methods Triadin knockout syndrome is a rare entity reported in pediatric population. This syndrome is caused by rare variants in the TRDN gene. Malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death can be a primary manifestation of disease. Although pharmacological measures are effective, some patients require an implantable defibrillator due to high risk of arrhythmogenic episodes. Main Results Fourteen rare genetic alterations in TRDN have been reported to date. All of these potentially pathogenic alterations are located in a specific area of TRDN, highlighting this hot spot as an arrhythmogenic gene region. Conclusions Early recognition and comprehensive interpretation of alterations in Triadin are crucial to adopt preventive measures and avoid malignant arrhythmogenic episodes in pediatric population.X-ray-free endoscopic combined intra renal surgery (ECIRS) is a feasible alternative to avoid radiation exposure to both surgical teams and patients, but has not been reported prior. The aim of this repor