https://www.selleckchem.com/products/netarsudil-ar-13324.html Carboxyamidotriazole (CAI), originally developed as a non-cytotoxic anti-cancer drug, was shown to have anti-inflammatory activity according to recent studies in a number of animal models of inflammation. However, its mechanism of action has not been characterized. Therefore, the present study was performed to identify the anti-inflammatory action of CAI in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and to identify the signal transduction pathways involved. The in vitro results revealed that CAI had no direct effect on the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX), suggesting a different anti-inflammatory mechanism compared with that of COX-inhibiting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Further investigation in RAW264.7 macrophages revealed that CAI decreased the production of nitric oxide via decreasing the LPS-stimulated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and downregulated both mRNA and protein expression levels of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. CAI atory diseases with excessive macrophage activation.Previous studies have identified ~50 genes that contribute to non-syndromic autosomal dominant sensorineural deafness (DFNA). However, in numerous families with hearing loss, the specific gene mutation remains to be identified. In the present study, the clinical characteristics and gene mutations were analyzed in a Chinese pedigree with hereditary hearing loss. The clinical characteristics of the family members were assessed and a detailed audiology function examination was performed. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the gene mutation responsible for the hearing loss. Sanger sequencing was used to verify the candidate mutation detected in the family. The family consisted of 31 members, seven of whom were diagnosed with sensorineural deafness of varying degrees. No mutation was identified by the general deafness gene chip. However