The theoretical energy density extractable from acidic and alkaline solutions is higher than 20 kWh m-3 of single solution when mixing 1 M concentrated streams. Therefore, acidic and alkaline industrial wastewater have a huge potential for the recovery of energy. To this purpose, bipolar membrane reverse electrodialysis (BMRED) is an interesting, yet poorly studied technology for the conversion of the mixing entropy of solutions at different pH into electricity. Although it shows promising performance, only few works have been presented in the literature so far, and no comprehensive models have been developed yet. This work presents a mathematical multi-scale model based on a semi-empirical approach. The model was validated against experimental data and was applied over a variety of operating conditions, showing that it may represent an effective tool for the prediction of the BMRED performance. A sensitivity analysis was performed in two different scenarios, i.e. (i) a reference case and (ii) an improved case with high-performance membrane properties. A Net Power Density of ~15 W m-2 was predicted in the reference scenario with 1 M HCl and NaOH solutions, but it increased significantly by simulating high-performance membranes. A simulated scheme for an industrial application yielded an energy density of ~50 kWh m-3 (of acid solution) with an energy efficiency of ~80-90% in the improved scenario.Agricultural expansion and overgrazing are globally recognized as key contributors to accelerated soil degradation and surface erosion, with direct consequences for land productivity, and environmental health. Measured impacts of livestock grazing on soil physical properties and ground cover are absent in soil loss models (e.g., Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, RUSLE) despite significant impacts to surface erosion. We developed a novel model that captures changes to ground cover and soil properties (permeability and structure) as a function of grazing intensity (density, duration, history, and stock type), as well as soil clay and water contents. The model outputs were integrated within RUSLE to calculate a treaded soil erodibility (Ktr) and grazed cover factors (Cgr) at seasonal timescales (3-month windows) to account for variability in soil moisture content, grazing practices, vegetation growth and senescence, and rainfall. Grazed pastures and winter-forage paddocks exhibit distinct changes in soil erodibility and soil losses, which are most pronounced for wet soils when plant cover is reduced/minimal. On average, typical pasture grazing pressures increase soil erodibility by 6% (range = 1-90%), compared to 60% (18-310%) for intensive winter forage paddocks.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Eloxatin.html  Further, negligible ground cover following forage crop grazing increases surface erosion by a factor of 10 (±13) relative to grazed pastures, which exhibit soil losses (μ = 83 t km-2 yr-1; range = 11.6 to 246) comparable to natural uncropped catchments (100-200 t km-2 yr-1). Exacerbated soil losses from winter forage-crop paddocks (μ = 1,100 t km-2 yr-1) arose from significant degradation of soil physical properties and exposing soils directly to rainfall and runoff. We conclude that proactive decisions to reduce treading damage and avoid high-density grazing will far exceed reactive practices seeking to trap sediments lost from grazed lands.Phosphorus (P) is a limited yet essential resource. P cannot be replaced, but it can be recovered from waste. We proposed the TRIZ approach (Teoria reszenija izobretatielskich zadacz - Rus., Theory of Inventive Problem Solving - Eng.) to identify a feasible solution. We aimed at minimizing the environmental impact and, by eliminating contradictions, proposed viable technical solutions. P recovery can be more sustainable based on circular economy and 4Rs (reduction, recovery, reuse, and recycling). The TRIZ approach identified sewage sludge (SS) as waste with a large potential for P recovery (up to 90%). Successful selection and application of SS management and P recovery require a transdisciplinary approach to overcome the various socio-economic, environmental, technical, and legal aspects. The review provides an understanding of principles that must be taken to improve understanding of the whole process of P recovery from wastewater while building on the last two decades of research.This research evaluates the impacts of the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) on renewable electricity capacity using annual data spanning 47 states between 1990 and 2014 in the United States. RPS is a state-level policy that requires electricity suppliers to include a certain fraction of renewable electricity in their total electricity sales over a specified time period. Following nuanced identification strategies, generalized difference-in-difference method is used to transform observational data into a quasiexperimental setting to mitigate against potentially inconsistent estimator or selection bias concerns vis-à-vis the adoption of RPS across states. Generalized least squares with panel corrected standard errors and spatial econometric methods are selected as estimation techniques. The results show that RPS adoption drives more than one third increase in overall renewable electricity capacity. RPS impacts on total electricity capacity remain significantly positive with consistent estimates across modeling scenarios. However, the results reveal that impacts of heterogeneous RPS attributes differ across competing sources of renewable electricity. The impacts are positively significant for solar and wind capacity with the largest impact on wind capacity, while they are insignificant or significantly negative for biomass and geothermal capacity. The significantly positive contribution of renewable energy certificates provision and manifestation of spatial spillover effects indicate the regional marketing possibilities of renewable energy. The results imply that scaling up RPS proliferation across the states and specifying RPS targets by renewable energy sources at least up to the point when renewable energy sector achieves efficiency gains (economies of scales and allocative efficiency) or better alternatives to the RPS become available (e.g., least-cost carbon pricing policy), can play critical roles to exert transformative advances in renewable electricity sector.