total, PTEN-, and AR-V7+ circulating tumor cell count) by the use of flow cytometry. We found that flow cytometry could be used to enumerate circulating tumor cells, but also to assess molecular biomarkers on their surface.
  Radium-223 is a bone-seeking, alpha-emitting radionuclide used in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Radium-223 increases the risk of fracture when used in combination with abiraterone and prednisolone. The risk of fracture in men receiving radium-223 monotherapy is unclear.
 
  This was a prospective, multicenter phase II study of radium-223 in 36 men with mCRPC and a reference cohort (n=36) matched for fracture risk and not treated with radium-223. Bone fractures were assessed using whole-body magnetic resonance imaging. The primary outcome was risk of new fractures.
 
  Thirty-six patients were treated with up to six 4-week cycles of radium-223. With a median follow-up of 16.3 months, 74 new fractures were identified in 20 patients. Freedom from fracture was 56% (95% confidence interval, 35.3-71.6) at 12 months. On multivariate analysis, prior corticosteroid use was associated with risk of fracture. In the reference cohort (n=36), 16 new fractures were identified in 12 patients over a median follow-up of 24 months. Across both cohorts, 67% of all fractures occurred at uninvolved bone.
 
  Men with mCRPC, and particularly those treated with radium-223, are at risk of fracture. They should receive a bone health agent to reduce the risk of fragility fractures.
 Men with mCRPC, and particularly those treated with radium-223, are at risk of fracture. They should receive a bone health agent to reduce the risk of fragility fractures.
  Successful pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for atrial fibrillation (AF) depends on the formation of durable transmural lesions. Recently, novel indices have emerged to guide lesion delivery. The aim of the systematic review of literature was to determine AF recurrence following ablation guided by indices incorporating force, power and time, and compare acute procedural outcomes and 12-month AF recurrence with ablation guided by contact force (CF) guided only.
 
  PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched on 27 January 2020 using the keywords; catheter ablation, ablation index (AI), lesion size index (LSI), contact force, atrial fibrillation.
 
  After exclusions, seven studies were included in the analysis. AI-guided catheter ablation was associated with a 91% (n=5, 0.91 95% CI; 0.88-0.93) and 80% (n=5, 0.80, 95% CI; 0.77-0.84) freedom from AF at 12 months with and without the use of anti-arhythmic drugs respectively. As compared to CF guided ablation, AI-guided catheter ablation was associated with a 49% increase in successful first pass isolation (n=3; RR 1.49, 95% CI; 1.38, 1.61), a 50% decrease in number of acute reconnections (n=4; RR 0.50, 95% CI; 0.39-0.65) and a 22% (n=4, RR 1.22, 95% CI; 1.10-1.35) increase in AF freedom without anti-arrhythmic drugs at 12months.
 
  Radiofrequency ablation guided by AI was associated with higher successful first pass isolation and lower rates of acute reconnection which translates to greater freedom from AF at 12 months [CRD42019131469].
 Radiofrequency ablation guided by AI was associated with higher successful first pass isolation and lower rates of acute reconnection which translates to greater freedom from AF at 12 months [CRD42019131469].Our study aimed to explore the influence of bariatric surgery (BS) on heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) through a systematic review. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases from the inception of each database up to year 2020, and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Searching of these studies was systematized using the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome Study Design strategy. We selected randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials and cohorts from prospective studies that reported the influence of BS on HRV. We assessed the quality rating using the Black and Downs questionnaire. Following the screening and eligibility stages, 14 studies were included in the review. All studies agreed that BS promotes an increase in parasympathetic HR control and HRV and a decrease in HR. Yet the literature does not provide evidence that these outcomes are directly caused by the surgical procedure. There is limited evidence to support that patients with type 2 diabetes have greater improvement in HRV as an interim measure, to individuals without.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/blu-451.html  The decrease in insulin resistance was correlated with the increase in HRV in some studies, but, other studies are unsupportive of this outcome. Improvements in 2 metabolic parameters (e.g., leptin, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide) were connected with superior increases in HRV. This review demonstrated that BS promotes an increase in HRV, indicating improved autonomic control of HR.
  Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare bone tumor characterized by immature myxoid mesenchymal tissue showing early primitive cartilaginous differentiation. There have been limited case reports describing the cytologic features of chondromyxoid fibroma. Herein, we reported cytologic features of chondromyxoid fibroma on fine-needle aspiration (FNA).
 
  We performed a retrospective search in our cytopathology and surgical pathology database for cases diagnosed as chondromyxoid fibroma that had corresponding cytology specimens from three medical institutions. All available cytopathology specimens were reviewed.
 
  Eight cases were retrieved from patients aged 16-77 years (mean, 51 years), and MF ratio of 1.71. Seven tumors (88%) were primary, and most (62%) occurred in flat bones. Cytologic diagnoses were made in 6 cases with cytologic slides not available to review in 1 case. All cases showed metachromatic matrix in the background, while hyaline cartilage fragments were absent. All cases had two cell populations comprogic diagnosis primarily using FNA samples can be challenging but possible when evaluated in conjunction with clinical and radiologic data.