https://www.selleckchem.com/products/arq531.html With real-time three-dimensional ultrasound, live volumetric images with adequate spatial and temporal resolution are obtained to accurately display structures with complex anatomy and guide interventional procedures. In this review, we will provide an overview of current ultrasound technologies that allow for real-time three-dimensional imaging, with a focus on their application for three-dimensional intracardiac echocardiography.Transvenous lead extraction is an invaluable procedure within the contemporary management of cardiac implantable electronic devices. Transvenous lead extraction has traditionally been guided by fluoroscopy. Complementary imaging with intracardiac echocardiography can provide valuable additional information, such as identification of complications, lead-adherent echodensities, and sites of lead-tissue adherence. As such, it can be used to aid in risk stratification before lead removal, help to choose tools or techniques, and provide visual monitoring throughout the procedure. Intracardiac echocardiography can be incorporated into the lead extraction workflow of the contemporary electrophysiologist and provide valuable information supporting safety and efficacy.Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is the most practical method for online imaging during electrophysiological procedures. It allows guiding of complex catheter ablation procedures together with electroanatomical mapping systems, either with minimal or with zero fluoroscopy exposure. Besides safe and reproducible transseptal puncture, ICE helps to assess location and contact of the tip of the ablation catheter relative to specific anatomical structures. Another option is visualization of the arrhythmogenic substrate in patients with ventricular arrhythmias. This article describes the clinical utility of ICE in non-fluoroscopic electrophysiology procedures more in detail.Catheter-based ultrasonography is a widely used tool in cardiac el