Sepsis due to pneumonia or pneumonia itself is one of the main causes of deaths in patients despite the advanced treatment methods. The optimal prognostic tool in pneumonia is still not clear. This study was aimed to compare the pneumonia severity scores and the possibility of using the new scores in patients who were diagnosed with pneumonia in the emergency department.
 
  Demographic data, laboratory and imaging results, confusion, elevated blood urea nitrogen, respiratory rate and blood pressure plus age ≥65 yr (CURB-65), pneumonia severity index (PSI), national early warning score (NEWS), NEWS-lactate (NEWS-L) scores, hospitalization, referral, discharge and 30-day mortality of patients who were diagnosed with pneumonia in emergency department were recorded.
 
  A total of 250 patients were included in the study. The most successful score in predicted mortality was found to be NEWS-L. This was followed by NEWS, CURB-65 and PSI, respectively. Most successful scores in anticipation of admission to the intnd intensive care of the patients with pneumonia in the emergency department.Defective mineralization of the growth plate and preformed osteoid result in rickets and osteomalacia, respectively. The leading cause of rickets worldwide is solar vitamin D deficiency and/or dietary calcium deficiency collectively termed as nutritional rickets. Vitamin D deficiency predominates in high-latitude countries in at-risk groups (dark skin, reduced sun exposure, infants and pregnant and lactating women) but is emerging in some tropical countries due to sun avoidance behaviour. Calcium deficiency predominates in tropical countries, especially in the malnourished population. Nutritional rickets can have devastating health consequences beyond bony deformities (swollen wrist and ankle joints, rachitic rosary, soft skull, stunting and bowing) and include life-threatening hypocalcaemic complications of seizures and, in infancy, heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy. In children, diagnosis of rickets (always associated with osteomalacia) is confirmed on radiographs (cupping and flaring of metaphysein D supplementation of at-risk groups and food fortification with vitamin D and/or calcium. Economically, food fortification is certainly the most cost-effective way forward.Among the emerging economies Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (together known as the BRICS countries) share collectively approximately 40 per cent of the global population and contribute to 25 per cent of the world gross domestic products. All these countries are facing the formidable challenge of rising incidence of breast cancer and significant number of premature deaths from the disease. A multidimensional approach involving prevention, early detection and improved treatment is required to counteract the growing burden of breast cancer.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/picropodophyllin-ppp.html  A growing trend in the prevalence of major preventable risk factors of breast cancer such as obesity, western dietary habits, lack of physical activity, consumption of alcohol and smoking is contributing significantly to the rising burden of the disease in BRICS nations. Specific interventions are needed at the individual and population levels to mitigate these risk factors, preferably within the broader framework of non-communicable disease control programme. es for breast cancer. The early diagnosis approach has been proved to achieve downstaging and improve survival at a fraction of the resources needed for population screening. The countries also need to focus on improving the services and capacity for multidisciplinary treatment of breast cancer, histopathology and immunohistochemistry, safe administration of chemotherapy and palliative care.Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) represents a rare malignant embryonic tumor of infant and early childhood. Its prognosis remains dismal despite aggressive multimodal treatment. We report the case of a 24-year-old male who was diagnosed with left parietal AT/RT after total resection and who is still in good health and recurrence free 4 years after surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Ocular melanoma is classified under the category of noncutaneous melanomas. Noncutaneous melanomas are relatively rare. Ocular melanoma commonly arises from choroid. Conjunctival melanoma is a rare but potentially lethal form of ocular melanoma. It can invade locally. Systemic spread is seen in up to 25% of cases, often associated with lymph node involvement. Metastatic sites include the lungs, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and the central nervous system. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-18 FDG PET-CT) scanning is indicated for staging cutaneous melanoma patients. However, few studies have evaluated its role in the management of conjunctival melanoma. This case highlights the use of F-18 FDG PET/CT for imaging, preoperative staging, and evaluation for metastasis in conjunctival melanoma.Gastric cancer infrequently metastasizes to the bone. These metastases are generally osteolytic. On the other hand, osteoblastic metastases are very rare. In this case report, a patient with signet ring cell gastric carcinoma presenting with diffuse osteoblastic bone metastases who had no laboratory abnormalities at the time of diagnosis is described. To our knowledge, our patient represents the longest surviving case compared with the similar cases in literature.Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a biphasic low-grade malignant tumor that shows ductal structures lined by the ductal cells with surrounding myoepithelial cells. EMC is most commonly reported in the parotid gland followed by other major and minor salivary glands. EMC of the tongue is an extremely uncommon tumor, with only five previously published case reports. We herein report the sixth case of EMC of the tongue. A 40-year-old female who had throat pain, dysphagia, and right earache for 3 years showed a 4 cm × 4 cm nodular tumor at the base of her tongue. Histopathological and immunohistochemical features were diagnostic of EMC with cervical lymph node metastasis. The metastatic behavior of EMC of the tongue in the absence of myoepithelial anaplasia or high-grade histological features is unusual and reported in this case report for the first time.