006 and p = 0.014, respectively). Lightweight male athletes demonstrated higher incidence rate of injury than open-weight male athletes (p  less then  0.001). On the contrary, lightweight female athletes demonstrated lower incidence rates of injury than open-weight female athletes (p  less then  0.001). These findings on the incidence of training injuries and patterns based on rowing styles, sexes, and weight classes may elucidate the circumstances leading to injuries in elite Korean rowing athletes. Furthermore, these findings may contribute to the development of programs to enhance athletic performance and reduce the incidence of sports injuries.Brown adipose tissue (BAT) might be a beneficial mediator in the development and treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We aim to evaluate the gene expression of BAT activity-related genes during the development and the dietary and surgical treatment of NASH. BAT was collected from male C57BL/6J mice that received a high fat-high sucrose diet (HF-HSD) or a normal chow diet (NCD) for 4 and 20 weeks (n=8-9 per dietary group and timepoint) and from mice that underwent dietary intervention (return to NCD) (n=8), roux-en-y gastric bypass (RYGB) (n=6), or sham procedure (n=6) after 12 weeks HF-HSD. Expression of BAT genes involved in lipid metabolism (Cd36 and Cpt1b; p less then 0.05) and energy expenditure (Ucp1 and Ucp3; p less then 0.05) were significantly increased after 4 weeks HF-HSD compared with NCD, whereas in the occurrence of NASH after 20 weeks HF-HSD no difference was observed. We observed no differences in gene expression regarding lipid metabolism or energy expenditure at 8 weeks after dietary intervention (no NASH) compared with HF-HSD mice (NASH), nor in mice that underwent RYGB compared with SHAM. However, dietary intervention and RYGB both decreased the BAT gene expression of inflammatory cytokines (Il1b, Tnf-α and MCP-1; p less then 0.05). Gene expression of the batokine neuregulin 4 was significantly decreased after 20 weeks HF-HSD (p less then 0.05) compared with NCD, but was restored by dietary intervention and RYGB (p less then 0.05). In conclusion, BAT is hallmarked by dynamic alterations in the gene expression profile during the development of NASH and can be modulated by dietary intervention and bariatric surgery.
   At present, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading all over the world. The occurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax in these patients might be higher than the fact, and we should pay high clinical attention to them.
 
   Data regarding clinical investigation, laboratory investigation, diagnosis, and treatment measures of 21 COVID-19 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax from January to March of 2020 were collected and analyzed in this study.
 
   Seven patients had a history of basic lung diseases. All patients used different methods of oxygen therapy before the occurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax according to the severity of the COVID-19, including 18 patients with ventilator-assisted breathing, 2 patients with bilevel positive airway pressure assisted breathing, and 1 patient with mask oxygen inhalation. All patients were confirmed cases of COVID-19 by chest CT (computed tomography) and virus nucleic acid detection and were found to have spontaneous pneumothorax through physical examination, bedside X-ray, and/or bedside ultrasound. 13 of 21 patients combined with pleural effusion at the same time. All the patients underwent closed thoracic drainage for spontaneous pneumothorax and the pleural effusion, if any. Nine patients died, and 12 patients recovered smoothly.
 
   Spontaneous pneumothorax might be an overlooked complication of COVID-19 patients and may be associated with poor prognosis.
  Spontaneous pneumothorax might be an overlooked complication of COVID-19 patients and may be associated with poor prognosis.
   The exact monitoring of the therapeutic-range international normalized ratio (INR) after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is an important aim to reduce the risk of thrombosis or bleeding complications. Service providers offer a telemedical anticoagulation service (CS).
 
   We compared LVAD patients using the CS (
   = 15) to those who received regular medical care (RMC; 
   = 15) to investigate if telemedicine supervision increased the INR-specific time in the therapeutic range (TTR) during anticoagulation. All patients received self-management training for phenprocoumon medication according to their INR value. INR values were documented for 12 months. A survey (scale 1 = not satisfied and 10 = very satisfied) was used to determine patient's satisfaction and psychological well-being.
 
   A total of 1,798 INR measurements were analyzed. The TTR
  was higher in patients undergoing RMC (78.1 ± 14.3%) compared with that in patients using the CS (58.3 ± 28.0%, 
   = 0.03). The patient's satisfaction with the coagulation setting at the beginning of the study (RMC 6.7 ± 3.1, CS 7.2 ± 3.0, 
   = 0.74) and psychological wellbeing (RMC 6.5 ± 1.9, CS 6.5 ± 2.7, 
   = 0.97) were comparable between both groups.
 
   We found that INR self-management is superior regarding the efficiency of post-LVAD anticoagulation therapy when compared with telemedical (CS)-based INR management in a small study cohort. Intensive training by experienced staff was able to replace CS.
  We found that INR self-management is superior regarding the efficiency of post-LVAD anticoagulation therapy when compared with telemedical (CS)-based INR management in a small study cohort.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/wnt-c59-c59.html  Intensive training by experienced staff was able to replace CS.
   Risk factors control and secondary prevention measures are often reported to be suboptimal in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and may lead to worse clinical outcomes. We aimed to examine potentially modifiable risk factors in patients undergoing CABG and investigate their association with long-term coronary events.
 
   Cardiovascular risk factors were recorded preoperatively in the setting of a cardiac catheterization laboratory and were analyzed in relation to long-term coronary events, defined as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or revascularization after CABG.
 
   Study population included 1,125 patients undergoing CABG without previous revascularization. Modifiable risk factors included hypertension (71%), hyperlipidemia (67%), diabetes (42%), obesity (28%), and smoking (21%). Only 8% did not have any of the five risk factors. During the mean follow-up of 93 ± 52 months after CABG, 179 patients (16%) experienced a coronary event. Incidence rates were higher in patients with than without the presence of each of the modifiable risk factors, except obesity.