Contemplating differently * Students' intellectual functions any time addressing a pair of various formats associated with published issue.
  What properties do lexical items have, what determines these properties, and what is the internal structure of lexical entries? The article identifies what the key open problems are for a minimalist account of the evolution of words that strives to meet the criterion of evolvability. Copyright © 2020 Clark.The social impact of psychology on the field of human sexuality is extensively wide. From Freud to Masters and Johnson, many are the research which have broken barriers and provided citizens with new knowledge to improve their lives. One of the lines of research which are now contributing to this social impact from psychology is that of the dominant coercive discourse (Gómez, 2015), which portrays power relationships as exciting and egalitarian relationships as convenient. Drawing from this theory, the aim of this research is to shed light on the influence of the coercive discourse on women's pleasure in their intimate relationships. In an exploratory study, women between 20 and 29 years old were interviewed under the communicative methodology. Results show three main findings. First, participants who reject the coercive discourse find pleasure in egalitarian relationships. On the contrary, participants who had coerced relationships acknowledge a lack of excitement in egalitarian relationships, while associating pleasure to the power nature of the former.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD0530.html  Finally, some participants who initially had coerced sexual-affective relationships were able to disassociate pleasure from coerced relationships and break with them. Moreover, these women claim to feel more pleasure in their new egalitarian relationships. These findings open a new path of research that unveils the lack of pleasure in coerced relationships and vindicates our right to the pleasure of falling in love. Copyright © 2020 Torras-Gómez, Puigvert, Aiello and Khalfaoui.Previous studies on multimedia learning have provided shreds of evidence for the positive effect of visually attractive emotional design on college students' emotion and learning outcomes. However, the effect may vary among middle school students.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD0530.html  The aim of this study was to examine the impacts of visual and behavioral emotional design on the emotional, motivational and cognitive outcomes of middle school students. In Experiment 1, 50 participants (ages 13-15) were randomly assigned to one of two conditions visual positive emotional design (colorful and anthropomorphic design) and visual neutral emotional design (achromatic and without anthropomorphic design). In Experiment 2, 173 participants (ages 13-16) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions created by the two factors visual emotional design (positive vs. neutral) and behavioral emotional design (positive vs. neutral). The behavioral positive emotional design allows learners to interact with learning materials, whereas behavioral neutral emotional design only allows learners to watch learning video. Results showed that both visually attractive and behaviorally interactive design (visual positive emotion design and behavioral positive emotional design) had positive effect on learners' positive emotions. Combining visual positive with behavioral positive emotional design could facilitate learning performance. Copyright © 2020 Shangguan, Wang, Gong, Guo and Xu.Social "connectivity" through time is currently considered as one of the major drivers of cultural transmission and cultural evolution. Within this framework, the interactions within and between groups are impacted by individuals' distinction of social relationships. In this paper, we focus on changes in a major aspect of social perceptions, "other" and "stranger." As inferred from the archaeological record, this perception among human groups gained importance during the course of the Pleistocene. These changes would have occurred due to the plasticity of cognitive mechanisms, in response to the demands on behavior along the trajectory of human social evolution. The concepts of "other" and "stranger" have received little attention in the archaeological discourse, yet they are fundamental in the perception of social standing. The property of being an "other" is defined by one's perception and is inherent to one's view of the world around oneself; when shared by a group it becomes a social cognitive construct. ohen and Hovers.From past research it is well known that social exclusion has detrimental consequences for mental health. To deal with these adverse effects, socially excluded individuals frequently turn to other humans for emotional support. While chatbots can elicit social and emotional responses on the part of the human interlocutor, their effectiveness in the context of social exclusion has not been investigated. In the present study, we examined whether an empathic chatbot can serve as a buffer against the adverse effects of social ostracism. After experiencing exclusion on social media, participants were randomly assigned to either talk with an empathetic chatbot about it (e.g., "I'm sorry that this happened to you") or a control condition where their responses were merely acknowledged (e.g., "Thank you for your feedback"). Replicating previous research, results revealed that experiences of social exclusion dampened the mood of participants. Interacting with an empathetic chatbot, however, appeared to have a mitigating impact. In particular, participants in the chatbot intervention condition reported higher mood than those in the control condition. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications, as well as directions for future research are discussed. Copyright © 2020 de Gennaro, Krumhuber and Lucas.E-commerce offers an opportunity on web renounced in internet marketing, and the consumers' communication behavior has changed, which has taken the place of word of mouth (WOM). This study investigated consumers' motivational involvement in electronic word of mouth for online information adoption mediated by writers, motivations. Using a sample of 390 active Chinese internet users, it revealed that social tie and perceived risk are essential factors that influence consumers' behavior, occur unpleasant consequences, and the possibility of uncertainties during the decision making process. Online retailers should emphasize perceived risk mitigation enable to provide a quick response on the websites. Practitioners need to understand consumer behavior in the online shopping system for the expansion of the online marketplace to product varieties, online advertising, retail strategies, and market segmentation. Organizations should train their service provides to timely response, concentrate on monitoring the aspects of consumers' reviews, on creating choices among groups and individuals, which can improve the organization's business performance.