9, P  less then  0.05] and zero multiplicative interaction (OR = 1.0, P = 0.895). The interactions of alcohol consumption with drinking establishment location, work-place and other locations were mostly additive and negative on the multiplicative scale (e.g. for interaction between volume 0.1-3.0 drinks and drinking establishment location RERI = 1.19, P = 0.529; multiplicative interaction OR = 0.54, P  less then  0.05). CONCLUSIONS Location appears to influence the relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of injury. The association between alcohol consumption and injury appears to be greater in locations such as streets and public places compared with private residences. © 2020 Society for the Study of Addiction.Exploring highly efficient catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for water electrolysis. Cost-effective transition-metal oxides with reasonable activity are raising attention. Recently, OER reactants' and products' differing spin configurations have been thought to cause slow reaction kinetics. Catalysts with magnetically polarized channels could selectively remove electrons with opposite magnetic moment and conserve overall spin during OER, enhancing triplet state oxygen molecule evolution. Herein, antiferromagnetic inverse spinel oxide LiCoVO4 is found to contain d7 Co2+ ions that can be stabilized under active octahedral sites, possessing high spin states S = 3/2 (t2g 5 eg 2 ). With high spin configuration, each Co2+ ion has an ideal magnetic moment of 3 µB , allowing the edge-shared Co2+ octahedra in spinel to be magnetically polarized. Density functional theory simulation results show that the layered antiferromagnetic LiCoVO4 studied contains magnetically polarized channels. The average magnetic moment (µave ) per transition-metal atom in the spin conduction channel is around 2.66 µB . Such channels are able to enhance the selective removal of spin-oriented electrons from the reactants during the OER, which facilitates the accumulation of appropriate magnetic moments for triplet oxygen molecule evolution. In addition, the LiCoVO4 reported has been identified as an oxide catalyst with excellent OER activity. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Phytosanitary irradiation is a sustainable alternative to chemical fumigants for disinfesting fresh commodities from insect pests. However, irradiating insects in modified atmospheres with very low oxygen ( less then 1 kPa O2 ) has repeatedly been shown to increase radioprotective response. Thus, there is a concern that modified atmosphere packaging could reduce the efficacy of phytosanitary irradiation. One hurdle slowing the widespread application of phytosanitary irradiation is a lack of knowledge about how moderate levels of hypoxia relevant to the modified atmosphere packaging of most fresh commodities (3-10 kPa O2 ) may affect phytosanitary irradiation treatments. Therefore, we hypothesize that critical PO2 (Pcrit ), the level of oxygen at which an insect's metabolism becomes impaired, can be used as a diagnostic biomarker to predict the induction of a radioprotective response. RESULTS Using the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), we show that there is a substantial increase in radiation resistance when larvae are irradiated in atmospheres more hypoxic than their Pcrit (3.3 kPa O2 ). These data are consistent with our hypothesis that Pcrit could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for what levels of hypoxia may induce radioprotective effects that could impact phytosanitary irradiation treatments. CONCLUSION We propose that the relationship between Pcrit and radioprotective effects could allow us to build a framework for predicting the effects of low-oxygen atmospheres on the efficacy of phytosanitary irradiation. However, more widespread studies across pest species are still needed to test the generality of this idea. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.2D materials are important building blocks for the upcoming generation of nanostructured electronics and multifunctional devices due to their distinct chemical and physical characteristics. To this end, large-scale production of 2D materials with high purity or with specific functionalities represents a key to advancing fundamental studies as well as industrial applications. Among the state-of-the-art synthetic protocols, electrochemical exfoliation of layered materials is a very promising approach that offers high yield, great efficiency, low cost, simple instrumentation, and excellent up-scalability. Remarkably, playing with electrochemical parameters not only enables tunable material properties but also increases the material diversities from graphene to a wide spectrum of 2D semiconductors. Here, a succinct and critical survey of the recent progress in this research direction is presented, comprising the strategic design, exfoliation principles, underlying mechanisms, processing techniques, and potential applications of 2D materials.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dmog.html  At the end of the discussion, the emerging trends, challenges, and opportunities in real practice are also highlighted. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Transplant candidates are reluctant to accept kidneys from high Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) donors. Incomplete understanding can lead to transplant delays for older transplant candidates. Patients need access to understandable information to make more informed decisions about KDPI. METHODS We developed a KDPI-specific animation with input from six stakeholder groups and conducted a one-group pre-post study with 60 kidney transplant candidates for feasibility and acceptability to improve participant KDPI knowledge, understanding, decisional self-efficacy, and willingness to accept a KDPI > 85% kidney. Data were compared using McNemar's test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS Compared with pre-animation scores, post-animation scores were significantly higher for KDPI knowledge for the entire cohort (4.6 vs 6.1, P 90% indicated positive ratings on ease of watching, understanding, and engaging. CONCLUSION In collaboration with stakeholders, an educational animation about KDPI was developed that was well-received and is promising to impact knowledge.