https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mst-312.html OS oxidative stress; ROS reactive oxygen species; PUFAs polyunsaturated fatty acids; ARA arachidonic acid, F -IsoPs; F -isoprostanes, PLA phospholipase A ; NADPH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; IVF in fertilization. OS oxidative stress; ROS reactive oxygen species; PUFAs polyunsaturated fatty acids; ARA arachidonic acid, F2-IsoPs; F2-isoprostanes, PLA2 phospholipase A2; NADPH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; IVF in vitro fertilization. Macular pigment (MP), comprising the dietary carotenoids lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin, is believed to benefit eye health and vision. Numerous clinical and research devices and techniques are currently available to facilitate MP optical density (MPOD) measurement. One of those techniques, dual-wavelength fundus autofluorescence (AF) is being increasingly used for measurement of MP in the eye. There is substantial methodological variation across the published studies that have employed this technique, including in relation to the use of mydriasis, the possible influence of which does not appear to have been addressed in the literature. This prospective cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the effect of mydriasis on MP measurement quality and MPOD values obtained with dual-wavelength AF using the Heidelberg Spectralis HRA+OCT device. Twenty-one healthy participants were recruited to the study. The mean age of participants was 44.8years (± 14.63). Pupil size and MPOD were measured in onication. This study clearly demonstrates that dual-wavelength AF measurements of MPOD in the same eye vary as a function of pupillary dilation status, with MPOD under-estimated across the entire spatial profile of MP for natural relative to dilated pupillary conditions. Mydriasis should, therefore, be used routinely for MPOD measurements using dual wavelength AF, pupil size should be reported and image quality optimized in order to ensure accurate MPOD quantifi