Breast Cancer (BC), is one of the most common malignancies around the world. CD44 expression correlates with cell proliferation, infiltration, angiogenesis, metastasis and prognosis in breast cancer but the exact mechanism of CD44 function is still not clear. The present study evaluates the expression of CD44 in primary HER2-positive breast cancer. The results can be used to determine the disease-free and overall survival of patients with breast cancer.
 
  We studied specimens from 100 patients with HER2-positive invasive breast cancer between March 2011 and June 2019. Immunohistochemical staining for CD44 was performed in all the specimens. Their CD44 association with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis was evaluated.
 
  The high CD44 was expression in 68(68%) of the patients and Low expression in 32(32%). CD44 expression was significantly associated with stage (p=0.007). There were no significant associations between the DFS, OS and other clinicopathologic parameters except for the stage, respectively (HR= 3.67, 95% CI =1.16-11.56, P = 0.03) (HR= 0.8.56, 95% CI =2.22-32.90, P = 0.002).20% of patients had died by the end of the follow-up. There were no significant association between DFS, OS and CD44 expression, respectively. (Log-rank p=0.13). (Log-rank p=0.10).
 
  The results from this study suggest that CD44 is clinically associated with stage of breast cancers. From the survival analysis, there was no statistical difference in overall survival and disease free survival with respect to CD44 expression. Further studies larger sample sizes are recommended for further investigation.
 The results from this study suggest that CD44 is clinically associated with stage of breast cancers. From the survival analysis, there was no statistical difference in overall survival and disease free survival with respect to CD44 expression. Further studies larger sample sizes are recommended for further investigation.Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is recognized as a serious disease in which the body's immune system attacks liver cells so untreated patients may consequently suffer from liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver failure. The role of viral infection may be involved in AIH. Presence of anti-HBc alone is a predictive signal of potential OBI. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the rate OBI among the patients with AIH.
  The sera of 20 consecutive patients with AIH were collected and tested for LFT (ALT, AST, ALP elevation), Immunoglobulin (IgG) level, bilirubin, anti -LKM-1, ASMA, ANA in titer, HBsAg, HBcIgG. The patients' sera were also tested for HBV DNA by nested PCR and Real-time PCR.
 
  Out of 20 patients, 10 (50%) were males and 10 (50%) females. The patients' ages ranged from 25 to 71 years with the mean age of 44.5±13.4. All patients' had elevated abnormal ALT and AST but their level of alkaline phosphatase was normal among the patients. All patients had IgG level>1.5 times upper than the normal limit. The patients' sera were negative for HBsAg and HBV DNA (by nested PCR and real- time PCR). Only 2 (10%) females with AHI type 1 (positive ANA, ASMA in titers >1100 were positive for HBcIgG while no OBI detection was found among the males (p=0.005)). All diagnosis of the AHI was confirmed by pathologist. The level of ALT, AST among the cases with positive and negative OBI were (p=0.000) and (p=0.003), respectively.
 
  In the present study, two OBI female patients with type 1 AIH were positive for anti-HBc but negative for HBsAg and HBV DNA. With regard to the consequences of OBI, prior to prophylactic treatment, it is recommended to screen HBV markers including anti-HBc in all diagnosed patients with AIH.<br />.
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  KAI1 (CD82) is a metastasis suppressor gene known to be down-regulated in carcinomas of breast, prostate and many other organs. The mechanism of KAI1 down-regulation is complex and not well understood. Here, we investigate the role of 8 SNPs (not previously studied) in KAI1 gene that could influence its expression in tumor tissue samples of breast cancer patients from the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia.
 
  Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in KAI1 gene were selected from the NCBI website (dbSNP) and were then filtered for those SNPs causing stop codon mutations (rs139889503 and rs150533529) or nonsynonymous mutation in the 5'-UTR (rs11541048, rs77359459, rs115500759, rs182579675, rs200238062, and rs372733853). SNPs genotyping was performed using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay and the results were correlated with KAI1 protein expression profile by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of breast cancer and control none-neoplastic tissues.
 
  KAI1 expression by IHC was observed in all none-neoplastic breast tissue samples and only in 35% out of the 59 breast cancer tissue samples. None of the samples was homozygous for the stop codon allele A in the SNP rs139889503 or allele T in the SNP rs150533529. The SNPs in the 5-UTR, rs11541048, rs115500759, and rs182579675, were only present in the homozygous state for the G and C alleles respectively in both cancer and control samples. The other SNPs in the 5'-UTR (rs77359459, rs200238062, and rs372733853) had no significant difference in the allele distribution between KAI1 expressing or none-expressing tissue samples.
 
  Our findings showed no significant effect of the studied SNPs on down-regulation of KAI1 expression.<br />.
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  Current study investigates the role of Oct4, Nanog and CD24 in locally-advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), to evaluate whether the expression of these markers can predict efficacy of neoadjuvant-chemo-radiotherapy and survival of patients.
 
  Biomarker expression was evaluated in 50 homogenously treated patients of locally-advanced OSCC.
 
  Clinical response was complete in 30% (n=15), partial response in 46% (n=23), no response in 24% (n=12). Pathologically, 74% patents (n=37) were responders and 26% were non-responders (n=13). Biomarker-overexpression was seen in 46% cases for Oct4, 54% cases for Nanog and 58% cases for CD24.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/OSI027.html  Oct4, Nanog and CD24 expression showed significant correlation with clinical and pathological response (p <0.05). Three year recurrence-free survival was 71%, overall survival was 66%. Post-treatment advanced pathological N (ypN), post treatment advanced pathological TNM (ypTNM) stage, clinical non-response, pathologic non-response, positive/high expression of all three biomarkers had a significant negative impact on recurrence-free and overall survival.