With lots of studies showing feasibilities, improvements suggested for small-scale intensive pig production systems include the optimization of feed formulas, the introduction of new feed technologies, and the upgrade of manure management system. Our results provide valuable and practical insight for the Chinese pig supply chain to mitigate environmental burdens and achieve future environmental sustainability.To further understand the complexity of developmental toxicity of dispersed oil and importance of exposure timing on fish early life stages, Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations through two embryonic developmental windows the first period occurred during the epiboly process (named as "early embryonic exposure") and the second period overlapped the ontogenesis and cardiogenesis processes (named as "late embryonic exposure"). Following 72 hour oil exposure, embryos were transferred to clean seawater and a toxicity screening was performed in the yolk-sac larvae until first-feeding stages (56 days). The current study demonstrated that the exposure timing is essential for the development of toxic effects of crude oil in Atlantic halibut. Neither embryonic exposures (early or late) showed notable acute toxicity during exposure, yet both showed global latent teratogenic effects during yolk sac stages. Fish exposed during organogenesis (late) displayed stronger and more severe toxic effects than fish exposed during epiboly process (early), including reduced condition, severe craniofacial deformities and cardiovascular disruptions. The uptake level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons into larval tissue and metabolic activity were greater following the late embryonic exposure and remained high during the depuration period at the highest exposure concentration.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sulfopin.html  Overall, the long yolk sac stage development timing of Atlantic halibut makes this species a good candidate for evaluation of embryonic crude oil toxicity and its mechanisms.Gut microbiota (GM) are important for the health of giant pandas (GPs), in addition to the utilization of bamboo in their diets. However, it is not fully understood how diet, habitat environment and lifestyle contribute to the composition of GM in GP. Consequently, we evaluated how dietary changes, habitat environment conversions and lifestyle shifts influence the GM of GPs using high-throughput sequencing and genome-resolved metagenomics. The GM of GPs were more similar when their hosts exhibited the same diet. High fiber diets significantly increased the diversity and decreased the richness of gut bacterial communities alone or interacted with the age factor (p 4). Reconstruction of 60 metagenome-assembled-genomes (MAGs) indicated that these bacteria were likely responsible for bamboo digestion via gene complements involved in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin degradation. While habitat environment may play a more important role in shaping the GM of GP, lifestyle can also greatly affect bacterial communities. The GM structure in reintroduced GPs notably converged to that of wild pandas. Importantly, the main bacterial genera of wild GPs could aid in lignin degradation, while those of reintroduced GPs were related to cellulose and hemicellulose digestion. Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Acinetobacter, and Clostridium may contribute to lignocellulose digestion in GP. The results revealed that diet conversion, habitat environment and lifestyle could remarkably influence the GM of GP. In addition, results suggested that increasing the ability of lignin degradation with GM may aid to change the GM of reintroduced pandas to resemble those of wild pandas.For the first time, single and PAC-catalyzed ozonation were explored for the wastewater treatment during wet weather flow in a prompt and efficient process. The effect of varying the ozone (O3) specific dose on the removal of micropollutants (MPs) was first investigated with a mixture of pharmaceuticals, herbicides and perfluorinated compounds in clean water. Most MPs showed higher affinity towards catalytic ozonation. Carbamazepine and Atrazine were found to be good surrogates for fast and slow reacting compounds, respectively. Applying single or PAC-catalyzed ozonation for 1 min only after coagulation was more efficient than applying them simultaneously. PAC-catalyzed ozonation was more efficient for the removal of organics and O3-resistant MPs. Both single and PAC-catalyzed ozonation achieved 4 log removal of E. coli, reduced the acute and genetic toxicity, and estrogenic activity of the wastewater. A detailed cost analysis revealed that applying single ozonation after coagulation costs between 0.06 and 0.32 $/m3 while applying PAC-catalyzed ozonation costs between 0.32 and 0.63 $/m3 for a flow rate between 100 and 600 MLD. Through a comprehensive performance assessment, PAC-catalyzed ozonation was deemed superior with one drawback related to the disposal of PAC.Floodplain reconnection can potentially improve the hydrogeomorphology of river corridors and attenuate flood peaks. However, empirical evidence of its effectiveness - needed to inform future restoration - is limited. A 70 m long flood embankment was lowered on the upper River Dee, a medium sized gravel bed river in north-east Scotland to reconnect a backwater and floodplain. Comparison of two years pre- and three years of post-restoration hydro-geomorphic monitoring, shows the lowering and subsequent adjustment, assisted by several floods including a less then 1% annual exceedance probability event, have altered the morphology and hydrological dynamics. Channel aggradation of up to 1 m occurred. Erosion of the bank by up to 0.41 m in depth and deposition of gravel or sand within the backwater and the floodplain were the dominant geomorphic responses elsewhere. The channel adjustment, unexpected in the restoration design, improved hydrological connectivity with the floodplain; annual median water table levels were on average 0.037-0.089 m higher post-restoration although the correlation between river discharge and floodplain water levels did not change. Based on 1D modelling, the threshold river discharge for backwater connection decreased by 55% from 93 m3 s-1 (discharge exceedance percentile Q0.4) to 42 m3 s-1 (Q8). Thus, overspill frequency increased. For a given peak discharge, floodplain water levels were higher on average by 0.25 m with a statistically significant difference (Mann Whitney U test p less then 0.05), due to improved hydrological connectivity. The monitoring demonstrates that localised but significant improvement of channel to floodplain hydro-geomorphic connectivity can result from targeted embankment lowering. Such actions could enhance future catchment resilience by improving water storage and biogeochemical processing.