05).
 
  Pilates training did not change lipid or lipoprotein levels, but improved cardiorespiratory fitness of elderly women with dyslipidemia.
 Pilates training did not change lipid or lipoprotein levels, but improved cardiorespiratory fitness of elderly women with dyslipidemia.
  To determine the impact of smartphone use on neck impairment and functional limitation in university students.
 
  A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in a sample of students selected through convenience sampling between September 2016 and March 2017. The inclusion criteria were university students at the School of Medicine and Surgery, routine/daily use of mobile devices with advanced computing and connectivity capability built on an operating system, and aged 18-30 years. Participants completed questionnaires that measured general characteristics of smartphone use and demographic characteristics. Neck pain was assessed using a visual analogue pain score (VAS) and a pain drawing (PD); disability status was measured using the Neck Disability Index (NDI-I); and cervical postures while using the phone were captured using the Deluxe Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) device.
 
  A total of 238 volunteers were recruited (22.4±2.2 years of age, 53.4% males), 35.9% of whom were overweight (>25 BMI). Regarding neck pain, 42.4% reported mild pain, 8.4% had moderate pain, and the remaining 49.2% had no pain. NDI-I and VAS were 3.8±3.8 and 13.6±18.4mm, respectively. The pain categories did not influence the variables. No significant correlations were observed between the number of hours spent and posture (CROM) while using a smartphone and neck pain and NDI-I.
 
  While half of young medical students reported neck pain, the use of smartphones was not correlated with neck pain and disability. While we wait for future prospective studies, there is no reason to recommend a change in smartphone use habits among young adults in the meantime.
 While half of young medical students reported neck pain, the use of smartphones was not correlated with neck pain and disability. While we wait for future prospective studies, there is no reason to recommend a change in smartphone use habits among young adults in the meantime.
  Cervical and thoracic spine manipulation has been found to reduce tendon pain and disability in lateral epicondylalgia and rotator cuff tendinopathy. Based on these findings, the application of lumbar spine manipulation may also provide similar improvements in Achilles tendinopathy (AT). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lumbar spine manipulation on pain and disability in a patient experiencing AT.
 
  A 44 years old male ex-football player presented with a 20-year history of persistent Achilles tendon pain (ATP) consistent with AT diagnosis. The patient attended 12 treatment sessions receiving a high-velocity, low amplitude lumbar spine manipulation. Outcome measures were collected at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 3 months and 6 months and included pain in visual analogue scale, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score, the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey and the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles questionnaire. Pressure pain threshold was also assessed using an electronic pressure algometer.
 
  Improvement in all outcome measures was noted 6-months post intervention. Outcome measures indicated substantial improvements in both the patient's pain and disability. The patient was able to perform activities of daily living without difficulties, suggesting higher level of function and quality of life at 6-months post initial evaluation.
 
  These findings have demonstrated the positive effects of lumbar spine manipulation on ATP and disability. Further studies, specifically clinical trials investigating the effect of lumbar spine manipulation or combining this technique with exercises and functional activities are suggested.
 These findings have demonstrated the positive effects of lumbar spine manipulation on ATP and disability. Further studies, specifically clinical trials investigating the effect of lumbar spine manipulation or combining this technique with exercises and functional activities are suggested.
  Post-stroke individuals usually present a delay in choice reaction time (CRT), and it would be important to verify the efficacy in the reduction of CRT after intervention protocols.
 
  The main question of this review is 'What are the characteristics of the CRT test and the interventions that decrease the CRT?'
 
  Systematic review.
 
  The search was performed in March 2019 using the electronic databases, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cinahal, Cochrane, Ovid, Scielo, PEDro, and Embase. There was no restriction regarding publication dates, and studies written in English that were conducted on poststroke patients and presented CRT results were included.
 
  Six studies were included in this systematic review, and the majority showed varied objectives, methodologies, and groups, regarding the number and characteristics of the sample, varying from complex to simple tasks for the CRT evaluation.
 
  This review suggests the investigation of the CRT in stroke patients with functional tasks using auditory and/or visual stimulus. About the CRT training in stroke patients, this review also suggests bilateral training, including functional tasks, and the use of structural practice blocks, but more studies are needed to better demonstrate the effects of interventions on the CRT.
 
  PROSPERO (protocol no. CRD42017073995).
 PROSPERO (protocol no.  https://www.selleckchem.com/peptide/box5.html  CRD42017073995).
  Chronic functional constipation (CFC) is the most prevalent type of constipation. Considering the proven effect of pelvic floor muscles dysfunction in these patients' symptom and the fascial connection between pelvic floor and abdominal and lumbopelvic muscles, this study aimed to examine the possible relationship between this muscles and CFC.
 
  We conveniently selected 100 patients with CFC and 100 healthy participants based on the Rome IV criteria. Two groups were asked to complete the international physical activity questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire. Then both groups were assessed for the presence of trigger points in more prevalent pain sites for each muscle by pressure algometer with 50% of their caught pressure pain threshold.
 
  There were no statistical differences between two groups in the intake of calories, carbohydrates, proteins, sugar, fiber, vegetables, and wheat products. Patients had a higher consumption of fat and dairy products. for the physical activity level, a statistical difference showed that patients were less physically active.