https://www.selleckchem.com/products/anacetrapib-mk-0859.html ), extraction solvent, precipitation and purification techniques and even by the final drying process (spray, freeze, vacuum, etc.) which may alter molecular weights, conformations and surface properties. Latest studies have investigated solubility, emulsifying, foaming, water/oil holding capacity and surface properties and also antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, hypocholesterolemic, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory and opioid activities of bioactive peptides obtained from plant by-products. Moreover, the application of the bioactive peptides into different food formulations has been a recent trend of functional food development. These bioactive peptides' bitter taste and toxicity are possible challenges in some cases that need to be resolved before their wider utilization.Saccharum Granorum (YiTang) is a nutrient-rich food which could significantly treat chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). However, its mechanism remains unclear. In the present work, a mitochondria-specific metabolomics approach based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole - Exactive mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q exactive MS) was carried out to evaluate its protection against energy dysfunction induced by CAG. Sixteen endogenous metabolites were firstly screened out to characterize the mitochondria dysfunction associated with CAG. Pretreatment of YiTang could significantly regulate these targeted metabolites involved into fatty acid β-oxidation pathway and amino acid metabolism. Network pharmacology further showed the upstream proteins related to these targeted metabolites exerted good affinities with ingredients of YiTang. These findings provided a unique perspective on localized metabolic regulation of YiTang in rats with CAG, which gave us new insights into the pathogenesis of CAG, and its targets for clinical diagnosis and treatment.In recent years, new probiotic-related concepts such as postbi