Not an IOL itself, but rather a high-tech innovation that so far has mostly been implanted during cataract surgery, is a microelectronic sensor that measures habitual intraocular pressure (IOP) at any given time and promises to revolutionize the management of glaucoma patients. The last generation of this device (Eyemate; Implandata Opthalmics Products GmbH) is implanted during small-incision cataract surgery; the latest development is an even smaller sensor that will be inserted suprachoroidally before, in the near future, such a device will be part of a capsular ring. These IOP sensors are a prime example that IOL technology will continue to be a driving force in ophthalmology, with a positive impact far beyond cataract surgery.There is an increasing demand for astaxanthin in food, feed, cosmetics and pharmaceutical applications because of its superior anti-oxidative and coloring properties. However, naturally produced astaxanthin is expensive, mainly due to low productivity and limited sources. Reprogramming of microorganisms for astaxanthin production via metabolic engineering is a promising strategy. We primarily focus on the application of synthetic biology, enzyme engineering and metabolic engineering in enhancing the synthesis and accumulation of astaxanthin in microorganisms in this review. We also discuss the biosynthetic pathways of astaxanthin within natural producers, and summarize the achievements and challenges in reprogramming microorganisms for enhancing astaxanthin production. This review illuminates recent biotechnological advances in microbial production of astaxanthin. Future perspectives on utilization of new technologies for boosting microbial astaxanthin production are also discussed.The design, fabrication, and application of edible nanoemulsions for the encapsulation and delivery of bioactive agents has been a highly active research field over the past decade or so. In particular, they have been widely used for the encapsulation and delivery of hydrophobic bioactive substances, such as hydrophobic drugs, lipids, vitamins, and phytochemicals. A great deal of progress has been made in creating stable edible nanoemulsions that can increase the stability and efficacy of these bioactive agents.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AP24534.html  This article highlights some of the most important recent advances within this area, including increasing the water-dispersibility of bioactives, protecting bioactives from chemical degradation during storage, increasing the bioavailability of bioactives after ingestion, and targeting the release of bioactives within the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, it highlights progress that is being made in creating plant-based edible nanoemulsions. Finally, the potential toxicity of edible nanoemulsions is considered.
  To investigate if abortion clinics follow Swedish national guidelines regarding early insertion of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) after medical abortions up to 9 weeks of gestation and, if not, the reasons for not doing so.
 
  We attempted to survey representatives of all 60 known Swedish abortion clinics by telephone in November 2019, including public hospitals and private clinics. We asked questions about clinic characteristics, clinic routines concerning early insertion of IUDs and implants, adherence to guidelines and, when applicable, perceived reasons for nonadherence. Current guidelines include offering implant placement at the time of mifepristone administration and intrauterine device (IUD) insertion within 7 days of misoprostol treatment.
 
  We obtained responses from 57 (95%) clinics of which 22 (40%) followed guidelines for both implants and IUDs. Slightly more than half (n=33, 58%) follow implant guidelines and fewer (n=25, 44%) follow IUD guidelines. Respondents most commonly cited lack of updated local guidelines at the clinic (7/24, 29%) and a perceived lack of time (6/25, 24%) as the most common reasons for nonadherence to guidelines for insertion of implants and insufficient number of nurse midwives for insertion of IUDs 8/32, 25%).
 
  Less than half of Swedish abortion clinics fully adhere to national evidence-based guidelines regarding early LARC insertion at the time of abortion.
 
  National guidelines alone are not always sufficient to effect change in practice; awareness of existing guidelines is needed in Swedish abortion clinics and work is needed to address barriers that limit LARC access after abortion.
 National guidelines alone are not always sufficient to effect change in practice; awareness of existing guidelines is needed in Swedish abortion clinics and work is needed to address barriers that limit LARC access after abortion.
  Despite evidence that mandatory pelvic examinations deter contraceptive use and are not clinically necessary, survey research suggests that clinicians regularly perform pelvic examinations prior to prescribing contraceptives. This study estimates prevalence of nonindicated pelvic exams during contraceptive encounters, and variation in prevalence by provider specialty.
 
  Using a national sample of commercial claims data, we identified contraceptive encounters without concurrent indication for pelvic examination among females aged 15 to 49 from 2007 to 2017. We first calculated the nonindicated exam rate by provider specialty and patient age. Using data from 2017 and linear probability models with metropolitan statistical area fixed effects, we estimated the differences in adjusted rates of nonindicated pelvic examination by provider specialty. To assess trends by provider specialty, we used all years of data and interacted specialty with year.
 
  Of 7.9 million identified contraceptive encounters, 81.8% had ndicated pelvic exams will be necessary to change clinical practice.
 This research provides real-world evidence that suggests pelvic exams are increasingly performed during contraceptive encounters and that patients regularly undergo a low-value, invasive examination while obtaining contraceptive care. Continuing education, reimbursement reform, and more evidence on the harms of non-indicated pelvic exams will be necessary to change clinical practice.