https://www.selleckchem.com/products/deg-77.html 3%, myocardial infarction (MI) 0.3%, major vascular complication 3.0%, no life-threatening or disabling bleeding and new permanent pacemaker (PPM) requirement was 9.0%. Paravalvular leak was none, trace and mild in 27%, 53% and 20% respectively with 0.3%≥moderate paravalvular leak. At 1 year, mortality was 4.2%, stroke 2.1%, MI 0.3%, no life-threatening bleeding and PPM 11.4%. Lower rates of mortality, stroke, and major vascular complications were observed compared to the well-established TAVI centres in USA and Germany. CONCLUSION Excellent TAVI clinical outcomes can be achieved in the Australian private hospital setting. Expert heart team assessment and CT guided procedural planning are key to these outcomes. Lung fibrosis is a devastating disease characterized by fibroblast accumulation and extracellular matrix deposition in lungs. However, its molecular and cellular pathogenesis is not fully understood and the current therapeutic strategies are ineffective. Bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis is the most widely used experimental model for research aimed at in-depth analysis of lung fibrosis mechanisms. The present study aimed to analyse the effects of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), which is associated with many diseases, in lung fibrosis. GDF15 mRNA expression was elevated in the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice, revealed by comprehensive gene analysis. Its protein levels were also increased in the lungs, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and plasma obtained from bleomycin-treated mice as compared to those in saline-treated mice. Bleomycin administration in mice resulted in a marked increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase-positive and p16INK4a-positive lung structural cells including alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages. Immunohistochemical staining using anti-GDF15 antibody and increased mRNA expression of GDF15 in bleomycin-induced senescent A549 cells indicated that GDF15 is produced from alveo