We argue that the ethical complexity surrounding fertility preservation for prepubescent girls should be resolved by applying the principle of "the child's right to an open future". We propose to consider 'beneficence' through the lens of the reproductive autonomy and her potentialin becoming a genetic parent.Imagination is at the heart of ethical interrogation when it focuses on space activities, present and future. While the first decades of the space enterprise were driven by extremely proactive policies, its goals, its reasons for being must now be more explicit, more reasonable as well as its consequences. Search of extraterrestrial life forms and projects to exploit space resources are two fields of spatial activity that require the association of ethical and imaginary questioning.Who of human or robot has its place in space? The robot, because it can replace human beings for exploration missions that are always particularly dangerous both for the health and the safety of astronauts. But human also tends to gain a place in space, when he can be assisted by the robot as a tool that facilitates his work, or when the machine can serve as a medium to extend humanity to the confines of the universe. All these hypotheses raise ethical and legal questions to which the article gives some solutions.We have come far from the days when space activities were the monopoly of States. Henceforth, private actors, from the tech world, possess significant financial means which they intend to mobilise in order to exploit the resources of outer space commercially and, eventually, to inhabit outer space. As a result, the principle of non-appropriation of celestial bodies is seen by some as an impediment to the development of the exploitation of space.Is it really possible to envisage a human community inhabiting outer space without claiming exclusive rights on the surface of celestial bodies? Can the resources extracted from celestial bodies be appropriated and if so what legal regime could manage the said resources?This article attempts to answer these questions with a double approach focussing on the ownership of celestial resources and the ownership of celestial bodies.The recognition since the Obama Act that celestial resources can be appropriated imposes a model of management of the said resources in the interests of the whole of mankind.Likewise, without undermining the fundamental principle of non-appropriation, States should establish themselves as the managers and guarantors of the use of celestial bodies in that they constitute the common heritage of Earth's community.Prompted by the digital revolution, the hybridisation of networks, terrestrial and on satellites, opens the door to a world of convergences, dominated by the Internet of Objects and the development of artificial intelligence.Introduction.Acute urticaria (AU) in children is a common clinical manifestation responsible for admission to the emergency department (ED). We aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of AU in children and to identify predictors of both severity and progression. Material and methods.We evaluated 314 children admitted to the ED with a diagnosis of AU. We analyzed information concerning its onset, duration, severity, possible triggering factors and the persistence of symptoms after 1, 3, and 6 months. Results.The most common etiological factors were infections (43.9%); in up to 32.4% of cases, AU was considered as idiopathic. AU was significantly most common in males and pre-school children. At the 6-month follow-up, 9.5% of children presented a persistence of urticaria, mainly those with contact (44.4%) or idiopathic (30.4%) forms. Conclusions.The AU etiology identified by history in the ED may be a significant predictor of persistence after a first attack of AU.Objective. To estimate economic burden of severe asthma in Turkey from payer perspective based on expert panel opinion on practice patterns in clinical practice Methods.  https://www.selleckchem.com/  This cost of illness study was based on identification of per patient annual direct medical costs for the management of severe asthma in Turkey from payer perspective. Average per patient direct medical cost was calculated based on cost items related to outpatient visits, laboratory and radiological tests, hospitalizations and interventions, drug treatment and equipment, and co-morbidities/complications. Results.Based on total annual per patient costs calculated for outpatient admission ($177.91), laboratory and radiological tests ($82.32), hospitalizations/interventions ($1,154.55), drug treatment/equipment ($2,289.63) and co-morbidities ($665.39) cost items, total per patient annual direct medical cost related to management of severe asthma was calculated to be $4,369.76 from payer perspective. Drug treatment/equipment (52.4%) was the main cost driver in the management of severe asthma in Turkey, as followed by hospitalizations/interventions (26.4%) and co-morbidities (15.2%). Conclusions.In conclusion, our findings indicate that managing patients with severe asthma pose a considerable burden to health economics in Turkey, with medications as the main cost driver.Specific immunotherapy is the only treatment acting on the causes and not only on symptoms of respiratory allergy. It was first introduced as subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) with the aim to induce immunological tolerance to the administered allergen(s). In the 1980s, sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) was developed, mainly to improve the safety, which was a critical issue at that time. This article reviewed the available literature, including a large number of randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and real-life studies as well, on the outcomes of SCIT and SLIT concerning the treatment critical issues of the two routes, that are efficacy, safety, cost-effectiveness, and compliance to treatment. The efficacy of SCIT and SLIT is similar in respiratory allergy, providing, based on the induction of typical changes in the immunologic response, an early control of symptoms that steadily increases during the treatment and its efficacy lasts after the recommended duration of three years. Such results are the reason why SCIT and SLIT have economic advantage over symptomatic drugs.