https://www.selleckchem.com/ We also measured estimated versus actual time elapsed. Pupil dilation, consistent with psychophysiological arousal, occurred when the hunter spotted their first stag, whereas Electrodermal Activity reduced. In the 10s before shooting, EDA increased substantially. Time also appeared to slow down based on the participants' estimations of duration. The findings corroborate suggestions of physiological arousal in the immediate lead-up to shooting but fall short of direct evidence for "buck fever" contributing to target misidentification. The simulation appeared to provide enough immersion to facilitate future research. This helps to understand the psychophysiological and temporal considerations of a hunter as they decide to shoot based on the information available to them at the time. This helps to understand the psychophysiological and temporal considerations of a hunter as they decide to shoot based on the information available to them at the time.Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) extracted from the herb Cathartics tinctorius L. negatively regulates liver cancer growth. However, the exact mechanism of HSYA action in liver cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, HSYA inhibited liver cancer cell growth in vivo and in vitro, evidenced by cell proliferation inhibition detected by CCK8, numerous apoptotic cells shown by flow cytometry assay, and expression of apoptosis-related proteins determined by western blot. Importantly, our data revealed that HSYA triggered autophagic response and autophagosome accumulation considering the increased levels of LC3II-conversion examined by western blot, LC3 puncta visualized by immunofluorescence, and expression of autophagy-related genes shown by quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, HSYA blocked the late-phase of autophagic flux via impairing the lysosomal acidification and downregulating LAMP1 expression, thereby likely inducing apoptosis. In addition, HSYA inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathwa