Although transmission electron microscopy (TEM) may be one of the most efficient techniques available for studying the morphological characteristics of nanoparticles, analyzing them quantitatively in a statistical manner is exceedingly difficult. Herein, we report a method for mass-throughput analysis of the morphologies of nanoparticles by applying a genetic algorithm to an image analysis technique. The proposed method enables the analysis of over 150,000 nanoparticles with a high precision of 99.75% and a low false discovery rate of 0.25%. Furthermore, we clustered nanoparticles with similar morphological shapes into several groups for diverse statistical analyses. We determined that at least 1,500 nanoparticles are necessary to represent the total population of nanoparticles at a 95% credible interval. In addition, the number of TEM measurements and the average number of nanoparticles in each TEM image should be considered to ensure a satisfactory representation of nanoparticles using TEM images. Moreover, the statistical distribution of polydisperse nanoparticles plays a key role in accurately estimating their optical properties. We expect this method to become a powerful tool and aid in expanding nanoparticle-related research into the statistical domain for use in big data analysis.It has been demonstrated by statistics that COVID-19 pandemic has not been as aggressive among pediatric population as in adults. Yet, pediatricians and the rest of the health care team face the dilemma of keeping the commitment and responsibilities towards the patients or withstanding the uncertainties arising versus the possibilities of getting infected and spreading it to their beloved ones. There are two main issues during the professional everyday practice, is there a moral limit when it comes to taking risks? And what is the importance of having difficulty in getting the proper safety equipment in order to decrease the potential risks? Bioethics, as we think, may work as a tool, helping us all to ponder this and the many other bearings we are facing with the current pandemic.Bronchiectasis is within the spectrum of chronic lung disease characterized by progressive and often irreversible bronchial dilation caused by structural changes in the bronchial wall and chronic inflammation of the airways. The cardinal symptom is persistent moist and productive chronic cough that should alert to timely intervention and interrupt the cycle of inflammation, infection, and airway damage. Early diagnosis through high-resolution computed tomography of the chest and clinical monitoring facilitate the implementation of intensive treatment that reduces and minimizes damage to the airway. Although current therapeutic actions for the management of bronchiectasis are effective, there are few randomized clinical trials in pediatrics. The objective of the document is to provide an update on the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of bronchiectasis not related to cystic fibrosis in children.Multiple factors contribute to the blood pressure of a neonate gestational age, birth weight, postmenstrual age and maternal factors are the most significant contributors. Common causes of neonatal hypertension are bronchopulmonary dysplasia, renal disease and history of umbilical arterial catheter placement. Other important factors that contribute to neonatal hypertension are medications (inotropic drugs, caffeine) and fluid management. Depending on the clinical situation and the severity of the hypertension, treatment can be given with intravenous or oral medications. Available data suggest that long-term outcomes are usually good, with resolution of hypertension in most infants. However, hypertensive neonates as well as normotensive premature neonates may be at increased risk for the development of hypertension in the future.Involuntary ingestion or aspiration of a brace device and/ or orthodontic arch part can constitute a medical emergency with potentially dangerous complications. The objective of this communication is to describe a rare complication of posterior displacement and ingestion of the brace arch. A 13-year-old girl, suffers from a break in orthodontia during feeding, with the subsequent ingestion of part of it. She presented dysphagia after the fact; it did not improve despite the intake of soft foods. She consulted in the Emergency Department for dysphagia, sialorrhea, pain in the pharynx and mild respiratory distress. Extraction of the orthodontic element was performed endoscopically.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/rp-6685.html  The embedded wire was observed at the level of the lower pole of the right amygdala and it was removed. Esophagoscopy was also performed, not observing remains of it in the esophagus. The patient was discharged without sequelae.Food allergy is defined as a reproducible adverse reaction that results from a specific and reproducible immune response triggered by exposure to food. The immune response can be mediated by immunoglobulin E, not mediated by immunoglobulin E or both. During the first year, cow´s milk protein is the first protein faced by children fed with breast milk or artificial milk. For that reason, it constitutes the form of food allergy most frequent in the first months of life. The objective of this paper is to describe a serious and rare clinical case of milk hypersensitivity in the neonatal period.Infantile fibrosarcoma is a rare tumor, belonging to the nonrhabdomyosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma. It is mostly presented in infants, most commonly involving the extremities. We report a 5-month-old boy, presenting with digestive bleeding since the age of 3 months, initially diagnosed as cow's milk allergy, with a torpid evolution and anemia. He underwent laparoscopic exploration, with evidence of a mass in the small bowel. Resection and end-to-end anastomosis were performed. Because of inadequate microscopic margins ( less then 1 cm), a new surgery was performed to achieve tumor free margins. Histological examination consisted of spindle cells that mainly expressed vimentin, and reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction was positive for the ETV6-NTRK3 transcript, confirming the diagnosis of infantile fibrosarcoma. The patient did well after 24 months of follow-up. Although infantile intestinal fibrosarcoma is extremely uncommon in children, it should be considered as differential diagnosis for digestive bleeding in infants.