BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the macular and peripapillary vessel densities in eyes of young Chinese adults with different degrees of myopia and to evaluate the association of macular and peripapillary vessel densities with axial length and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness. METHODS A total of 128 eyes (mild myopia, 42; moderate myopia, 45; severe myopia, 41) underwent optical coherence tomography angiography imaging. Parameters assessed were vessel densities in the superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus of the macular area, peripapillary vessel density, retinal nerve fibre layer thickness, foveal thickness and foveal avascular zone area (mm2 ). RESULTS Vessel densities in the macular and peripapillary areas as well as peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness decreased significantly when comparing high myopia to mild myopia. Axial length was significantly associated with vessel density in the macular area (superficial capillary plexus r = -0.249, p = 0.008; deep capillary plexus r = -0.398, p  less then  0.001), peripapillary area (r = -0.204, p = 0.028), foveal avascular zone area (r = -0.309, p  less then  0.001), and foveal thickness (r = 0.354, p  less then  0.001). Negative correlations were found between axial length and peripapillary vessel density as well as retinal nerve fibre layer thickness at the nasal superior, nasal inferior and inferior nasal quadrants. CONCLUSION Varying degrees of myopia affected macular and peripapillary vessel densities as well as retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in young healthy adults. The high myopic group had the lowest vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus of the macular area and the peripapillary area. With increased axial length, macular and peripapillary vessel densities, retinal nerve fibre layer thickness and foveal avascular zone area reduced while foveal thickness increased.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/a1874.html  © 2020 Optometry Australia.Male subfertility has been associated with bacterial infections and chronic inflammation. In this context, several studies investigated cytokine levels in seminal plasma, whereas interleukin-6 (IL-6) appears to be crucial. However, little is known about its receptor, the IL-6R expression on human spermatozoa. Thus, the aim of the present study was to screen spermatozoa for IL-6R expression and to identify its localisation. Semen samples of 137 patients (median age 37.69, SD ± 7.82) with subfertility were analysed. Sperm analysis including determination of IL-6 was performed following the World Health Organization criteria. Also, flow cytometry was performed for sperm IL-6R expression. IL-6R+ cells were used for immunofluorescence staining to identify receptor localisation. The results showed positive staining for IL-6R in the midpiece of spermatozoa. Furthermore, a significant correlation between sperm IL-6R expression, seminal plasma IL-6 and total sperm count could be demonstrated, whereas a negative correlation was observed in sperm IL-6R expression and motility. However, no statistical significance could be observed between IL-6R expression, vitality and morphology. Moreover, incubation of spermatozoa with IL-6 led to a slight but significant decrease in motility after 24 hr. These data suggest that IL-6R expression may play a role in impaired sperm function during inflammation. © 2020 The Authors. Andrologia published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH.Urelumab, a fully human, non-ligand binding, CD137 agonist IgG4 monoclonal antibody, enhances T-cell and natural killer-cell antitumor activity in preclinical models, and may enhance cytotoxic activity of rituximab. Here we report results in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and other B-cell lymphomas, in phase 1 studies evaluating urelumab alone (NCT01471210) or combined with rituximab (NCT01775631). Sixty patients received urelumab (0.3 mg/kg IV Q3W, 8 mg IV Q3W, or 8 mg IV Q6W); 46 received urelumab (0.1 mg/kg, 0.3 mg/kg, or 8 mg IV Q3W) plus rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV QW. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of urelumab was determined to be 0.1 mg/kg or 8 mg Q3W after a single event of potential drug-induced liver injury occurred with urelumab 0.3 mg/kg. Treatment-related AEs were reported in 52% (urelumab grade 3/4, 15%) and 72% (urelumab + rituximab grade 3/4, 28%); three led to discontinuation (grade 3 increased AST, grade 4 acute hepatitis [urelumab]; one death from sepsis syndrome [urelumab plus rituximab]). Objective response rates/disease control rates were 6%/19% (DLBCL, n = 31), 12%/35% (FL, n = 17), and 17%/42% (other B-cell lymphomas, n = 12) with urelumab and 10%/24% (DLBCL, n = 29) and 35%/71% (FL, n = 17) with urelumab plus rituximab. Durable remissions in heavily pretreated patients were achieved; however, many were observed at doses exceeding the MTD. These data show that urelumab alone or in combination with rituximab demonstrated manageable safety in B-cell lymphoma, but the combination did not enhance clinical activity relative to rituximab alone or other current standard of care. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.PURPOSE Imaging the carotid arteries at 7T ideally requires a flexible multichannel array that allows B1-shimming and conforms to different neck sizes. The major challenge is to minimize coupling between closely spaced coils and to make the coupling relatively insensitive to loading conditions. METHODS We have designed a five-channel flexible transceive array composed of shielded-coaxial-cable coils placed on the anterior part of the neck and conforming to the anatomy. In vivo imaging of the carotid arteries in three subjects has been performed. RESULTS The measured noise correlation matrices show the decoupling level between the individual elements to be -12.5 dB and better. Anatomical localizer imaging of the carotids shows both carotids in every subject well visualized after B1-shimming. In vivo black-blood, carotid images were acquired with very high in-plane spatial resolution (0.25 × 0.25 mm2 ) with clear depiction of the vessel walls. CONCLUSIONS The flexibility of the proposed coil has been demonstrated by imaging subjects with different neck circumferences.