https://www.selleckchem.com/products/r428.html In summary, this PVA/NSCS/lincomycin hydrogel showed promising potential for wound dressing.Despite the well-known health benefits of aloe polysaccharide (APs), little is known about how APs modulate the gut microbiota and the relationship between microbiota and SCFAs. Here, APs was extracted by ultrasound extraction. FT-IR and glycosidic linkage type analysis showed that a major part of APs consisted of → 4)-β-Manp-(1 → residues with acetyl groups. APs supplementation to mice prominently boosted SCFAs-producing Bacteroides and Parabacteria in the feces. On the other hand, it decreased the abundance of Firmicutes and Clostridium. A positive correlation between microbiota and SCFAs was revealed, with Parabacteria and Clostridium being the key microbiota to significantly promote SCFAs. APs promoted the fructose and mannose metabolism by upregulating the gene expression of 17 enzymes, containing fructose-bisphosphate aldolase [EC4.1.2.13]. Our findings highlight SCFAs-producing Parabacteria were primary degrader of APs, and APs may have prebiotic effects on gut microbiota.The natural mucus cover has been a major obstacle to prevent enterocyte targeting particles from contact with the receptors. Thus, mucus penetration and intestinal targeting should be designed into one system. Based on the concept that biotin specifically recognizes epithelium receptors, enterocyte targeting muco-inert nanocomplexes were designed. Firstly, biotinylated chitosan (CS-Biotin) copolymers with different degree of substitution were synthesized and characterized. The nanocomplexes between CS-Biotin and insulin were prepared via self-assembly method. Thereafter, the nanocomplexes were fabricated by coating with various molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA), which improved penetration efficiency in the mucus layer and small intestine in a HA molecular weight dependent manner. In vivo study indicated that hypoglycemic effect of the nanocomplexes wa