Centrally mediated gastrointestinal pain syndrome (CAPS) is an infrequently diagnosed functional condition. A small number of patients do, however, become heavy service users due to difficulty in controlling severe symptoms. We aim to review the outcomes of patients who required frequent hospitalisation with CAPS. Medical records of patients with multiple CAPS presentations during 2015 ( = 18) were further analysed and reviewed until January 1st, 2019. Patients (female 15; male 3) had a median age of 33 (IQR 12) years. Gastrointestinal co-diagnosis was common (88.9%), most frequently irritable bowel syndrome (50%), cyclical vomiting syndrome (27.8%) or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (16.7%). 66.7% were prescribed regular opiate analgesics. Psychiatric co-morbidity was present in almost all depression (88.9%); anxiety/panic disorders (38.9%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (27.8%). Social stressors were cited in 33.3%. 27.8% were employed, frequently in healthcare. Over the 4-year study period, 18 identified patients accounted for 2,048 nights in hospital and 672 A+E attendances. In 2015, these patients spent a median of 19 (IQR 34) nights in hospital each with median hospitalisations of between 7 and 10 nights over the following 3 years. Median A+E attendance was 8 per patient (IQR 8) in 2015, remaining relatively constant between 5 and 6 A+E presentations per patient per subsequent year. CAPS is a complicated heterogenous condition resulting from an interplay of physical stimuli with cognitive and emotional factors. As such, management is difficult and requires a multidisciplinary approach with considerable patient ownership of the condition, which is often difficult to achieve. CAPS is a complicated heterogenous condition resulting from an interplay of physical stimuli with cognitive and emotional factors. As such, management is difficult and requires a multidisciplinary approach with considerable patient ownership of the condition, which is often difficult to achieve. The appropriateness of using readmission rate after pancreatic surgery among pancreatic cancer patients as a quality metric to evaluate hospital performance has been widely discussed in the literature. The present study reported readmission rate using Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD), examined the reasons and risk factors for readmissions, and evaluated the appropriateness of using it as a quality metric. We analyzed 3,619 patient discharge records in 2014. The outcome of interest was all-cause 30-day readmission. Reasons for readmission were grouped into clinical associated categories. Hierarchical regression model was used for examining the relationship between risk factors and readmission. The 30-day readmission rate was 20.95%. The most common reason for readmission was surgery-related complication. In descriptive analyses, age, certain comorbidities, number of chronic conditions, mortality risk, severity of illness, living at large metropolitan area, resident of the state where patients rectic surgery as a quality metric. Due to the frequent use of medical imaging including ultrasonography, the incidence of benign liver tumors has increased. There is a large variety of different solid benign liver tumors, of which hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), and hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) are the most frequent. Advanced imaging techniques allow precise diagnosis in most of the patients, which reduces the need for biopsies only to limited cases. Patients with benign liver tumors are mostly asymptomatic and do not need any kind of treatment. Symptoms can be abdominal pain and pressure effects on adjacent structures. The 2 most serious complications are bleeding and malignant transformation. This review focuses on hepatic hemangioma (HH), FNH, and HCA, and provides an overview on clinical presentations, surgical and interventional treatment, as well as conservative management. Treatment options for HHs, if indicated, include liver resection, radiofrequency ablation, and transarterial catheter embolization, and should be carefully weighed against possible complications. FNH is the most frequent benign liver tumor without any risk of malignant transformation, and treatment should only be restricted to symptomatic patients. HCA is associated with the use of oral contraceptives or other steroid medications. Unlike other benign liver tumors, HCA may be complicated by malignant transformation. HCAs have been divided into 6 subtypes based on molecular and pathological features with different risk of complication. The vast majority of benign liver tumors remain asymptomatic, do not increase in size, and rarely need treatment. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/vt107.html Biopsies are usually not needed as accurate diagnosis can be obtained using modern imaging techniques. The vast majority of benign liver tumors remain asymptomatic, do not increase in size, and rarely need treatment. Biopsies are usually not needed as accurate diagnosis can be obtained using modern imaging techniques. Venous (VTE) and arterial thromboembolism (ATE) are frequent complications of cancer. Risk assessment models (RAM) for stratification of the thrombotic risk in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer have several limitations. While pancreatic and stomach cancer are considered very high risk in all RAM, the risk of colorectal cancer differs between RAM, and esophageal cancer and cholangiocarcinoma were underrepresented or not included in any RAM. In addition, up to 49% of patients with pancreatic cancer develop splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT). Prophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) in ambulatory cancer patients is associated with a positive risk-benefit ratio only in high-risk patients and LMWH have been the standard of care for the treatment of cancer-associated VTE and SVT over the last years. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) have been shown to be equally effective compared to LMWH, but bleedings from the GI tract are more frequent. Therefore, recent guidelines suggest the use of DOAC for VTE treatment and for prophylaxis in ambulatory patients at high risk for VTE, but patients at high risk for bleeding, especially with active luminal cancer, should receive LMWH. This review discusses RAM and the current options for prophylaxis and treatment of cancer-associated ATE, VTE, and SVT focusing on GI cancers. This review discusses RAM and the current options for prophylaxis and treatment of cancer-associated ATE, VTE, and SVT focusing on GI cancers.