https://www.selleckchem.com/products/turi.html 24%). Most fertilization treatments increased shoot P concentration (4.63%) at each cut, which induced a decrease of shoot CP. Shoot NP of most treatments were greater than 23, but it was lower under N and NP fertilization than that under CK. Fertilization only increased soil C in 2014, but had no effect on soil N. Soil P content was significantly higher under P fertilization in 2014 (34.53%), and all fertilization in the second cut of 2015 (124.32%). Shoot and soil CP and NP having the opposite changes to shoot and soil P, respectively. Our results suggest that the change of P after fertilization largely drove the changes of stoichiometric. The growth of alfalfa in the Loess Plateau was severely restricted by P. It is an effective method to increase the biomass of alfalfa by increasing the addition of N or NP fertilizer to alleviate P limitation.Sex allocation is one of the most studied traits in evolutionary biology because its theoretical predictions match the empirical data. Here, using the Ryukyu dry-wood termite Neotermes sugioi, we investigated several factors that could bias the sex allocation in three populations (Okinawa, Ishigaki/Iriomote, and Yonaguni). Our survey showed that there were more queen-only colonies than king-only colonies in these populations, suggesting a longer lifespan of the queens than that of the kings. In this condition, sex-asymmetric reproductive value (SRV) theory predicts female bias, because even after the short-lived kings die, the long-lived queens can continue reproduction with their sons. However, sex allocation in this species seemed to be biased toward males. Furthermore, we examined the possibility of intrasexual competition among siblings (ICS). If ICS is the cause of the bias, the allocation is expected to change depending on the total investment in sexual offspring. However, the biomass of both male and female alates increased linearly with the increase in the total biomass