This work reports the development of a flow injection analysis (FIA) system for online magnetic preconcentration and determination of Cd(II) in water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F AAS). Magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4, functionalized with l-glutamine (GlnMNP), were synthesized and used as a support for Cd(II) retention and preconcentration. Each measurement cycle was performed through online complexation of Cd(II) by l-glutamine attached to Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles at pH 10.5, followed by their retention in a coil due to the action of a cylindrical permanent magnet. Subsequently, the retained magnetic nanoparticles containing Cd(II) were dissolved with an acid solution (4 mol L-1 HCl solution), releasing Cd(II) for transportation to the detector. The main chemical and flow parameters that affected the performance of the system were optimized. Under optimum experimental conditions, the limits of detection and quantification were 2 and 5 μg L-1, respectively, and a relative standard deviation of 6.5% (at 50 μg L-1, n = 10) was observed. The FIA system allowed the injection of 24 samples per hour and presented an enrichment factor of four. The method was applied in the analysis of river and pond water samples. The pond water sample was irradiated with ultraviolet light prior to the analysis, in order to eliminate the organic matter. Accuracy of the method was assessed by recovery tests, which provided recovery percentages between 82 and 111%. The developed method was also compared to the direct determination by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AAS). In this case, the results were not statistical different at 95% confidence level when the Student's t-test was applied.A miniaturized system of anion exchange solid phase extraction (SPE) based on a screen-printed electrode was developed as a point of care (POC) device for extraction and quantitative determination of anionic analytes. Nylon 6/polyaniline nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning and in-situ oxidative polymerization techniques coated on a screen-printed working electrode and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. The effects of essential parameters such as desorption conditions, pH of the sample solution, adsorption voltage, adsorption time, and salt concentration on the performance of the method were investigated. To evaluate the performance of the system, angiotensin ΙΙ receptor antagonists, including valsartan, losartan, and irbesartan, were selected as model compounds and analyzed by HPLC/UV after extraction. The limits of detection and quantification were ranging between 0.4 and 0.9 μg L-1 and 1.3-3.0 μg L-1, respectively. The linear dynamic range for Losartan, Irbesartan, and Valsartan was 2-400, 4-1000, and 2-400 μg L-1, respectively, with R2 > 0.991. Finally, the method was applied for the determination of ARA-IIs in human blood plasma samples, and relative recoveries in the range of 89.0-107.8% with relative standard deviation (RSDs (≤8.9% were obtained.A direct-readout photoelectrochemical (PEC) lab-on-paper device based on coupled an electricity generating system and paper supercapacitors was established for highly sensitive detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Concretely, CdSe quantum dots (QDs) decorated ZnO networks assembled sensing surface provided outstanding photoelectric properties, on which glucose oxidase (GOx) labeled aptamer was subsequently immobilized via the hybridization chain reaction. With analytes present, specific recognition was stimulated by aptamer, resulting in labeled GOx released. Such released GOx could flow to electrochemical cell to conduct electrochemical redox reactions, which could effectively produce electricity that was stored by capacitor I. Sequentially, photoactive material produced an outstanding voltage due to the decrease of steric hindrance on the sensing interface, which was utilized for charging an external capacitor II. The two instantaneous current was acquired along with the discharge of capacitor I and II by digital multimeter (DMM) readout, respectively.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/VX-770.html  The summational current values performed an increment in pace with the addition of target ATP concentration with the dynamic working range from 10 nM to 3 μM and a detection limit of 6.3 nM attained. Significantly, the signal amplified strategy utilizing as-generated electricity from electrochemical redox reactions were isolated from the photoelectrodes, which was beneficial for amplifying the signal response in the PEC matrices and the development of more efficient signal performance.The diagnostic potential of cell free epigenomic signatures is largely driven by the fact that manifold quantities of methylated DNA, post-translationally modified histones and micro RNAs are released into systemic circulation in various non-communicable diseases. However, the time-consuming and specificity-related complications of conventional analytical procedures necessitate the development of a method which is rapid, selective and sensitive in nature. The present work illustrates a novel; prompt; "mix and measure" cytometric-based nano-biosensing system that offers direct quantification of cell-free circulating (ccf) epigenomic signatures (methylated ccf-DNA, tri-methylated histone H3 at lysine 4, 9, 27 & 36 and argonaute 2 protein-bound ccf-micro RNAs) using triple nano-assemblies in a single tube format. Each assembly with unique structural and spectral properties comprised of n-type semiconducting nanocrystals conjugated to a specific monoclonal antibody. Our results suggested that the developed combinatorial approach may offer simultaneous detection of three distinct yet biologically interrelated signatures with high selectivity and sensitivity using flow cytometry and fluorometry in the enriched and test samples. The proposed novel nano-assembly based detection system has a considerable potential of emerging as a minimal invasive easy-to-use method that could possibly permit real-time, rapid and reproducible monitoring of epigenomic markers in clinical and field settings.