1 to 10 μM. In addition, the Tb-Ce-MOFs were used in the detection of PO43- in real samples. We design and synthesize a mixed lanthanide metal organic framework fluorescence probe (Tb-Ce-MOFs) for ratiometric fluorescence for the detection of PO43- based on Tb3+ and Ce3+ as the center metal ions and terephthalic acid as the organic ligand. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are typically segmented using MRI because WMH are hardly visible on F-FDG PET/CT. This retrospectivestudy was conducted to segment WMH and estimate their volumes from F-FDG PET with a generative adversarial network (W GAN). We selected patients whose interval between MRI and FDG PET/CT scans was within 3months, from January 2017 to December 2018, and classified them into mild, moderate, and severe groups by following the semiquantitative rating method of Fazekas. For each group, 50 patients were selected, and of them, we randomly selected 35 patients for training and 15 for testing. WMH were automatically segmented from FLAIR MRI with manual adjustment. Patches of WMH were extracted from F-FDG PET and segmented MRI. W GAN was compared with H-DenseUnet, a deep learning method widely used for segmentation tasks, for segmentation performance based on the dice similarity coefficient (DSC), recall, and average volume differences (AVD). For volume estimation, the predvisual analysis, the WhyperGAN based can be used to automatically segment and estimate volumes of WMH from 18F-FDG PET/CT. This would increase the usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of WMH in patients with cognitive impairment. Translocator protein 18-kDa (TSPO) imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) is widely used in research studies of brain diseases that have a neuro-immune component. Quantification of TSPO PET images, however, is associated with several challenges, such as the lack of a reference region, a genetic polymorphism affecting the affinity of the ligand for TSPO, and a strong TSPO signal in the endothelium of the brain vessels. These challenges have created an ongoing debate in the field about which type of quantification is most useful and whether there is an appropriate simplified model. This review focuses on the quantification of TSPO radioligands in the human brain. The various methods of quantification are summarized, including the gold standard of compartmental modeling with metabolite-corrected input function as well as various alternative models and non-invasive approaches. Their advantages and drawbacks are critically assessed. Researchers employing quantification methods for TSPO should understand the advantages and limitations associated with each method. Suggestions are given to help researchers choose between these viable alternative methods. Researchers employing quantification methods for TSPO should understand the advantages and limitations associated with each method. Suggestions are given to help researchers choose between these viable alternative methods. Lung cancer ranks second in new cancer cases and first in cancer-related deaths worldwide. Precision medicine is working on alteringtreatment approaches and improving outcomes in this patient population. Radiological images are a powerful non-invasive tool in the screening anddiagnosis of early-stage lung cancer, treatment strategy support, prognosis assessment, and follow-up for advanced-stage lung cancer. Recently, radiologicalfeatures have evolved from solely semantic to include (handcrafted and deep) radiomic features. Radiomics entails the extraction and analysis ofquantitative features from medical images using mathematical and machine learning methods to explore possible ties with biology and clinical outcomes. Here, we outline the latest applications of both structural and functional radiomics in detection, diagnosis, and prediction of pathology, genemutation, treatment strategy, follow-up, treatment response evaluation, and prognosis in the field of lung cancer. The major drawbacks of radiomics are the lack of large datasets with high-quality data, standardization of methodology, the black-box natureof deep learning, and reproducibility. The prerequisite for the clinical implementation of radiomics is that these limitations are addressed. Future directionsinclude a safer and more efficient model-training mode, merge multi-modality images, and combined multi-discipline or multi-omics to form "Medomics." The major drawbacks of radiomics are the lack of large datasets with high-quality data, standardization of methodology, the black-box nature of deep learning, and reproducibility. The prerequisite for the clinical implementation of radiomics is that these limitations are addressed. Future directions include a safer and more efficient model-training mode, merge multi-modality images, and combined multi-discipline or multi-omics to form "Medomics." We assessed the outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to treat oligoprogressive castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients with ≤5 lesions using gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography ( Ga-PSMA-PET/CT). The clinical data of 67 CRPC patients with 133 lesions treated with Ga-PSMA-PET/CT-based SBRT were retrospectively analyzed. All of the patients had oligoprogressive disease during androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/nik-smi1.html The prognostic factors for overall- (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and the predictive factors for switching to next-line systemic treatment (NEST) and NEST-free survival (NEST-FS) were analyzed. With a median follow-up of 17.5months, the 2-year overall survival (OS) and PFS rates were 86.9% and 34.4%, respectively. The PSA response was observed in 49 patients (73.1%). Progression was observed in 37 patients (55.2%) at a median of 11.0months following SBRT. A total of 45 patients (67.2%) remained on ADT after SBRT, and 22 patients (32.8%) had a NEST change at a median of 16.4months after metastasis-directed treatment (MDT). Patients with a NEST change had higher post-SBRT PSA values and fewer PSA nadirs after MDT than their counterparts. In multivariate analysis, higher pre-SBRT PSA values were the only significant predictor for worse OS and NEST-FS, and no significant factor was found for PFS. No serious acute or late toxicities were observed. This study demonstrated the feasibility of MDT using SBRT to treat oligoprogressive lesions by Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in CRPC patients is efficient and well-tolerated, prolonging the effectiveness of ADT by delaying NEST. This study demonstrated the feasibility of MDT using SBRT to treat oligoprogressive lesions by 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in CRPC patients is efficient and well-tolerated, prolonging the effectiveness of ADT by delaying NEST.