Furthermore, an intermediate with an elongated branched conformation was found between amylose and amylopectin populations, which may play a role in digestion property of potato starch. The results demonstrated that AF4-MALS-dRI is a powerful tool for better understanding of conformation of PRS.Protein colloid crystals are considered as high porous soft materials, presenting great potentials in nutrients and drug encapsulation, but protein crystal fabrication usually needs precipitant and high protein concentration. Herein, an easy implemented approach was reported for the construction of protein colloid crystals in diluted solution with shimp ferritin as building blocks by taking advantage of the strength of multiple intermolecular arginine-arginine interactions. The X-ray single-crystal structure reveals that a group of exquisite arginine-arginine interactions between two neighboring ferritin enable them self-assembly into long-range ordered protein soft materials. The arginine-arginine interactions mediate crystal generation favored at pH 9.5 with 200 mM NaCl, and the resulting colloid crystals exhibit high thermal stability (90 °C for 30 min). Importantly, the interglobular cavity in colloid crystals is three times larger in volume than that of intrinsic ferritin cavity in each unit cell, which can be used for molecular encapsulation. A recent study reported that rare variants in NUS1 were associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to assess the relative contribution of rare and common coding/non-coding variants of NUS1 to late-onset PD patients (LOPD). Whole genome sequencing data were analyzed for target NUS1 regions, derived from a cohort of 1962 cases and 1279 controls. The genetic association analyses were performed using logistic regression analysis and Sequence Kernel association test. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis was conducted to further explore the association of variants with NUS1 expression based on the data from GTEx database. We identified 18 rare coding variants. p.Y131C was first identified in LOPD. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/rocaglamide.html However, no significant burden of rare NUS1 coding variants in LOPD was found. The rare variant sets of two regulatory elements (GH06J117605 and GH06J117674) were significantly enriched in LOPD even after Bonferroni correction (adjusted P=0.013; adjusted P=0.010). Considering the joint effect of rare and common variants, all variant sets within GH06J117605 and GH06J117674 showed association with LOPD but were no longer significant after Bonferroni correction. None of the common variants within coding/non-coding regions were significant after Bonferroni correction. The eQTL results suggested these variants in GH06J117605 and GH06J117674 could potentially have eQTL effects on the brain tissues. These findings provide novel insight into the role of NUS1 regulatory regions in the development of LOPD and indicate that the variants in regulatory elements of NUS1 may be associated with LOPD by influencing the gene expression level. These findings provide novel insight into the role of NUS1 regulatory regions in the development of LOPD and indicate that the variants in regulatory elements of NUS1 may be associated with LOPD by influencing the gene expression level. Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) has various clinical presentations and has a median onset delay of 7 days. So it is important to find more identifiable early imaging manifestations for CVT. This was a retrospective study. Patients with CVT (CVT group, n = 26) diagnosed by conventional imaging techniques (magnetic resonance imaging and/or digital subtraction angiogram) and patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis (control group, n = 30) were included. Magnetic resonance black-blood thrombus imaging (MRBTI) technique had been performed in both groups. The CVT group was divided into 3 groups based on the duration of clinical onset ≤7 days (group 1), between 7 and 30 days (group 2), and >30 days (group 3). Pathological pachymeningeal enhancement and its characteristics were analyzed between the CVT group and the control group. Pathological pachymeningeal enhancement was found in 14 CVT patients (54 %) and none in control group (P value = 0.000). The bilateral pathological pachymeningeal enhancement was involved in 10 CVT patients, 6 patients were asymmetric, and 4 patients had ipsilateral enhancement. Asymmetric pathological pachymeningeal enhancement was 71 % and predominantly located on the thrombosed sinus side. Strong enhancement was found in the venous sinus wall beside the thrombus. Pathological pachymeningeal enhancement percentages of three subgroups were 75 % in group 1, 55 % in group 2, and 29 % in group 3 and had no statistical differences (p value = 0.198). Current findings suggest asymmetrical pathological pachymeningeal enhancement was associated was CVT and may be a new imaging feature for CVT. Current findings suggest asymmetrical pathological pachymeningeal enhancement was associated was CVT and may be a new imaging feature for CVT. Petroclival meningiomas (PCM) are challenging tumors to manage. Observation, Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and surgical resection have typically been offered as treatment options. A percentage of patients with PCMs present with trigeminal pain. We present four patients with small PCMs presenting with Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) that were treated with radiosurgery and continued to have debilitating trigeminal pain afterwards. All of them underwent microsurgical resection (MR) of their tumor to manage their trigeminal pain. Trigeminal Neuralgia in the setting of PCM is rare. Oftentimes in these subset of patients TN pain persists after radiation and medical therapy. We explore the possibility of addressing intractable TN pain with microsurgical resection. Patients with petroclival meningiomas presenting with trigeminal pain and having persistent pain after treatment with radiosurgery were included in our review. Those patients were treated with microsurgical resection of their tumor to help control their persistent pain. The patients' demographics, clinical, and radiological data were reviewed. The primary aim of the review was to assess the patients' Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) trigeminal neuralgia scores following microsurgical resection. Four female patients were identified. The tumors were locally controlled after SRS, however all four patients continued to have debilitating trigeminal pain despite medical management. All patients had complete resolution of their TN pain in the immediate postoperative period, with a BNI score of I on their last follow up. Microsurgical resection is an appropriate option for patient's petroclival meningiomas with persistent facial pain after treatment with SRS. Microsurgical resection is an appropriate option for patient's petroclival meningiomas with persistent facial pain after treatment with SRS.