007), which was confirmed by multivariate analysis (p=0.01). Over-expression of Beclin-1 was significantly associated with vascular invasion (p less then 0.003). However, high tumor histological grade, focal lesion multiplicity, presence of involved margin or cirrhosis were insignificantly related to Becin-1. Beclin-1 altered expression has an important role in development and prognosis of HCC. To assess the expression of IL-4, IL-17 and CD-163 as well as study of IL6-572 C/G gene polymorphism in chronic HCV and HCC on top of HCV. Sixty HCC specimens and 60 adjacent hepatic tissue with HCV of different grades of necro-inflammation and different stages of fibrosis. In addition to 55 HCV, 60 HCC and 50 healthy venous blood samples for evaluation of IL6-572 C/G gene polymorphism. high expression of IL-4, IL-17 and CD163 in higher grades of activity, late stages of fibrosis and higher degrees of steatosis of HCV. IL-4 and CD163 showed higher expression in advanced grades of HCC, while IL-17 more expressed in lower grades. No significant difference in IL6-572 C/G gene polymorphism among studied groups regarding G/C, G/G, C/C frequencies or G and C allele's frequencies. IL-4, IL-17 and CD163 were associated with HCV severity. Their expression in HCC suggests their important role in HCC development. Blocking of these proteins may be a good target to control inflammation in HCV and can hinder progression to cirrhosis then to HCC. On the other hand, IL6-572 promoter gene polymorphism is neither associated with HCV infection nor with HCC development and its progression.<br />. . The statin drug Atorvastatin (AT) used for cholesterol reduction and Ganoderma lucidum (Gl) mushroom extract exhibited satisfactory antitumor activities towards various types of cancer. The present study was designed to evaluate the apoptotic and antiangiogenic effects of Atorvastatin and/or Ganoderma lucidum against Ehrlich solid tumor inoculated in female mice. Atorvastatin (AT) or/and Ganoderma lucidum (Gl) extract were administered to mice bearing tumor alternatively for 28 days after 10 days of tumor cells inoculation. Mice were divided into 5 equal groups as follows Control (C) Normal mice, Ehrlich (E) mice injected in thigh with EAC cells, (E+AT) mice bearing solid tumor that received an intraperitoneal dose of Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg). Group (4) (E+Gl) mice bearing solid tumor that received an oral dose of Ganoderma lucidum (28 mg/kg) Group (5) (E+AT+Gl) mice bearing solid tumor that received intraperitoneal dose of Atorvastatin and oral dose of Ganoderma lucidum. showed that administration of t the antitumor activity is ameliorated by the combination of the two treatments. Cancer incidence has been growing in an alarming rate worldwide and new therapeutics are needed, particularly for intractable and chemoresistant cases. We evaluated the cytotoxic effects of Combretum fragrans F. Hoffm (Combretaceae) on glioblastoma (U87MG and C6) and prostate (PC-3) cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic effect of the methanolic extract of the stem bark of Combretum fragrans was assessed using XTT (2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide) test. Expressions of Akt and ERK1/2 were determined using Western blot technique, while Caspase-3/7 kits were used to evaluate caspase-3/7 activity. C. fragrans extract inhibited the proliferation of U87 (IC50 = 20.13 µg/mL), C6 (IC50 = 12.17 µg/mL), and PC-3 (IC50 = 11.50 µg/mL) cells. Treatment with the extract resulted in lower levels (p < 0.001) of phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-Akt in U87 cells, and instead, higher levels of phospho-ERK1/2 (p < 0.001) in C6 and PC-3 cells. An increase in caspase-3/7 activity was observed, mainly after 24 hours of treatment, indicating the activation of apoptotic processes. Altogether, these results suggest that C. fragrans have potent anticancer properties. This plant should be further investigated for developing new anticancer drugs.<br />. .As vosaroxin as a fluoroquinolone (FQ) had anticancer effectiveness; this study aimed to screen new lipophilic FQs for their dual antimicrobial-antiproliferative activities. Using sulforhodamine B assay; 36 lipophilic FQs have been screened for antimicrobial propensities against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans vs. the respective references ciprofloxacin and fluconazole. They were also explored against a battery of cancer cell lines. Normal periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDL) were tested for safety examination in comparison to the cisplatin. Reduced FQ compound 4g (R-2, 4-DMeOACA) highly scored nanomolar potency with MIC value of 0.004 µM against gram-positive bacteria. The highest activity of the 36 lipophilic FQs was noted on Leukaemia K562, cervical HELA and pancreatic PANC-1 cancer cell lines with respective IC50 value of 0.005 µM for compound R-4-BuACA (4e), 0.40 µM with CHxCA (7a) and 0.11 µM for R-4-HxACA (4f). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/BIBF1120.html Tested FQs exhibited cytotoxicity in A549 lung cancer, MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines. The reduced 4e and 4f compounds have shown nanomolar inhibition against K562 (as of 4e), PANC-1 and MCF-7 (as of 4f) with IC50 values of 0.005, 0.11 and 0.30 µM, respectively. Succinctly FQs' dual gram-positive antibacterial-antineoplastic capacities expand on of drug design scaffolds in lead generation.. Nude mice are used as a recipient for human tumor cell xenografts. However, the success rate of xenotransplantation is unsatisfactory due to high natural killer (NK) activity. To overcome this limitation, we established nude mice with no NK cells, and compared the transplantation efficiency with that in nude mice. BALB/c Nude Jak3-/- (Nude-J) mice were established by crossing BALB/c Nude mice and BALB/c Jak-3-/- mice. Hematopoietic malignant cell lines (BCBL-1 and Z138) were implanted subcutaneously to compare the tumorigenicity in Nude-J mice with Nude Rag-2/Jak3 double deficient (Nude RJ) mice and nude mice. Nude-J mice showed complete loss of NK and T lymphocytes, whereas B lymphocytes remained. Both BCBL-1 and Z138 human lymphoid malignant cell lines formed almost the same sizes of subcutaneous tumors in Nude-J and Nude RJ mice, whereas they formed no or only small tumors in nude mice. Splenocytes from Nude-J mice showed no cytotoxic activity in vitro. Nude-J mice can be a valuable tool for human tumor cell transplantation studies.