"). CONCLUSION Oncology health-care providers have a unique opportunity and responsibility to address SO, GI, and sexual health.Introduction The syndrome of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) consensus statements recognise that male athletes might have impaired fertility in terms of the Exercise Hypogonodal Male Condition (ExHMC). Thus, the aims of this study were to 1) identify risk of ExHMC in active males in various sports and 2) determine if associations between risk of ExHMC and health problems interfering with training and competition exist.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/h-1152-dihydrochloride.html  METHODS A questionnaire was distributed online (November 2018-January 2019) using questions derived from the 'Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male Questionnaire' (ADAM-Q) to assess risk of ExHMC. Additional questions were included to collect information on participant demographics, injury and illness history and dietary habits. Logistic regression analyses explored differences between groups. RESULTS Risk of ExHMC was identified in 23.3% (n=185) of 794 questionnaire participants. Following multivariate analyses, risk of ExHMC was independently associated with a lower than normal sex drive rating within the last month (OR 7.62, 95%CI 4.99-11.63) and less than three morning erections per week within the last month (OR 4.67, 95%CI 3.23-6.76). Risk of ExHMC was associated with 15-21 days absence from training or competition during the previous 6 months due to overload injuries in the univariate analysis (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.24-5.84). CONCLUSION Risk of ExHMC and associated symptoms in this heterogeneous sample may be indicative of RED-S. Confounding factors such as over-training, medication use, fatigue and psychological stress need to be considered. Identification of male athletes exhibiting physiological symptoms associated with RED-S requires more research.AIMS To collect baseline data on the contact risk pathways and biosecurity practices of commercial poultry farms in New Zealand, investigate the relationship between the farm-level disease contact risks and biosecurity practices, and identify important poultry health concerns of producers. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of all registered New Zealand commercial poultry operations was conducted in 2016 collecting information on farm demographics, biosecurity practices, and contact risk pathways. Survey responses were used to generate an unweighted subjective disease risk score based eight risk criteria and a subjective biosecurity score based on the frequency with which producers reported implementing seven biosecurity measures. Producer opinions towards poultry health issues were also determined. RESULTS Responses to the survey response were obtained from 120/414 (29.0%) producers, including 57/157 (36.3%) broiler, 33/169 (19.5%) layer, 24/55 (44%) breeder, and 6/32 (19%) other poultry production types. Medigood biosecurity as well as farmer uncertainty around the efficacy of different biosecurity measures. Further research is needed to understand barriers towards biosecurity adoption including evaluating the cost-effectiveness of biosecurity interventions.Staphylococcus aureus is an important infectious agent in hemodialysis patients. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of S. aureus nasal carriage in hemodialysis patients (HD) and health-care workers (HCW) at the main dialysis center of Bam city, located in southeast of Iran. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 52 nasal swabs were obtained from health-care workers and hemodialysis patients to detect methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates. The resistance to different antibacterial agents was determined by disk diffusion method. Also, Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) - encoding gene as well as Staphylococcal protein A (spa) type were determined. The nasal carriage rate of S. aureus was found to be 24.4% and 18.8% in patients on hemodialysis and health-care workers, respectively. Among identified isolates, no methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was found. Only two MSSA isolates (16.7%) were resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. One isolate (8.6%) was positive for pvl gene. Moreover, 8 spa types were found. According to BURP analysis, six out of the 12 S. aureus isolates (50%) belonged to the same clone, indicating a prevalence of a major clone among MSSA in carriage, including patients and HCW. Mupirocin is still the appropriate drug for reducing nasal colonization in our setting. Accumulation of isolates from patients and staff in one spa clonal complex is alarming for the necessity of more serious infection control in this center. Therefore, it is necessary to screen patients and health-care workers as a health priority, in order to prevent cross transmission.The conduct of clinical trials during the West Africa Ebola outbreak in 2014 highlighted many ethical challenges. How these challenges were addressed, what clinical studies were conducted during that outbreak, and the lessons learned for dealing with future outbreaks were the subject of a National Academy of Medicine committee report titled Integrating Clinical Research into Epidemic Response The Ebola Experience. This report suggested improvements for research during subsequent emerging or re-emerging outbreaks and is summarized in this review. We also discuss the current Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and highlight how the dialogue has changed and how successful clinical trials have been implemented. We conclude with a description of productive efforts to include pregnant women and children in therapeutic and vaccine trials during outbreaks that are currently ongoing. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Virology, Volume 7 is September 29, 2020. Please see http//www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.Background Diagnosis of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-secreting pituitary adenomas (TSHoma) before surgery remains a challenge, especially for microadenomas. We aimed to establish a short-term somatostatin analogue (SSA) test to differentiate TSHomas from other causes of syndromes of inappropriate secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone (IST), mainly resistance of thyroid hormone (RTHβ). Methods We first evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of SSA test in a training cohort (TSHoma, N=32; RTHβ, N=20). The test was then validated in an independent cohort (TSHoma, N=9; RTHβ, N=2). We finally applied the SSA test in 12 perceptively enrolled IST cases with negative imaging findings and absent THRB mutations or mixed hormone imbalances. Results Both TSHoma and RTHβ patients showed a decrease of TSH at the start of the SSA test, but the velocity of the TSH suppression slowly decreased in RTHβ patients after 2 h. The suppression ratio of TSH at 24 h versus 2 h and 0 h was significantly greater in TSHoma patients compared to RTHβ patients (70.