Liver cancer is one of the most rapidly increasing cancers in the United States, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is its most common form. Disease burden and risk factors differ by sex and race/ethnicity, but a comprehensive analysis of disparities by socioeconomic status (SES) is lacking. We examined the relative impact of race/ethnicity, sex, and SES on HCC incidence, stage, and survival.
 
  We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 data to identify histologically confirmed cases of HCC diagnosed between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2015. We calculated age-adjusted HCC incidence, stage at diagnosis (local, regional, distant, unstaged), and 5-year survival, by race/ethnicity, SES and sex, using SEER*Stat version 8.3.5.
 
  We identified 45,789 cases of HCC. Incidence was highest among low-SES Asian/Pacific Islanders (API; 12.1) and lowest in high-SES Whites (3.2). Incidence was significantly higher among those with low-SES compared with high-SES for each racial/ethnic group (
  < 0.001), except American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/AN). High-SES API had the highest percentage of HCC diagnosed at the local stage. Of all race/ethnicities, Blacks had the highest proportion of distant stage disease in the low- and high-SES groups. Survival was greater in all high-SES racial/ethnic groups compared with low-SES (
  < 0.001), except among AI/ANs. Black, low-SES males had the lowest 5-year survival.
 
  With few exceptions, HCC incidence, distant stage at diagnosis, and poor survival were highest among the low-SES groups for all race/ethnicities in this national sample.
 
  HCC prevention and control efforts should target low SES populations, in addition to specific racial/ethnic groups.
 HCC prevention and control efforts should target low SES populations, in addition to specific racial/ethnic groups.
  Epidemiologic studies have reported associations between weight fluctuations and postmenopausal breast cancer risk; however, the biological markers involved in this association are unknown. This study aimed to explore the associations between breast cancer-related biomarkers and weight regain following exercise-induced weight loss.
 
  From the 400 participants included in the Breast Cancer and Exercise Trial in Alberta, a total of 214 lost weight during the intervention and had follow-up blood samples, body composition, and covariate measurements. Outcomes were measured at baseline, 12 months (end of the study), and 24 months (follow-up).
 
  During follow-up, weight regain was 1.80 kg [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.40-3.90], and was significantly associated with increases in estradiol [treatment effect ratio (TER) = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04], estrone (TER = 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03), free estradiol (TER = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05), the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (TER = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05), and insulin (TER = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04), and decreases in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG; TER = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99) levels. Nonstatistically significant associations were found for glucose and C-reactive protein. Furthermore, a statistically significant linear trend of increasing levels for all biomarkers, and decreasing SHBG, across weight regain categories was found.
 
  These results suggest that weight regain following exercise-induced weight loss is associated with breast cancer-related biomarker changes in postmenopausal women.
 
  These findings provide evidence to support the importance of developing effective strategies to prevent weight regain and, consequently, decrease postmenopausal breast cancer risk via changes in adiposity-related biomarkers.
 These findings provide evidence to support the importance of developing effective strategies to prevent weight regain and, consequently, decrease postmenopausal breast cancer risk via changes in adiposity-related biomarkers.
  Adiponectin, leptin, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are implicated in breast cancer risk and recurrence. Weight loss, via the dynamic interplay of energy balance through exercise and/or caloric restriction, decreases risk of breast cancer recurrence.
 
  We investigated the effects of lifestyle modifications (exercise only, or combined caloric restriction and exercise) on adipokines, IL2, IL6, IL8, IL10, C-reactive protein (CRP), and TNFα biomarkers in breast cancer survivors. Searches were completed in June and July of 2019 to identify randomized controlled trials that met inclusion criteria. Weighted mean difference was calculated using random- or fixed-effects models based on the heterogeneity of the studies.
 
  2501 records were identified, with 30 ultimately meeting inclusion criteria of the systematic review; 21 studies provided data suitable for meta-analysis. We observed leptin levels were significantly reduced in the exercise-only group compared with sedentary control [WMD -5.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), -11.0 to -0.33; 
  = 0.04].
 
  Leptin may be a primary mediator of exercise-induced improvements in breast cancer recurrence.
 
  This is the first review and meta-analysis to examine combined exercise and caloric restriction programs in breast cancer survivors. Future studies should further examine combined programs and their efficacy for altering leptin.
 This is the first review and meta-analysis to examine combined exercise and caloric restriction programs in breast cancer survivors. Future studies should further examine combined programs and their efficacy for altering leptin.
  We investigated excess mortality after endometrial cancer using conditional relative survival estimates and standardized mortality ratios (SMR).
 
  Women diagnosed with endometrial cancer during 2000-2017 (
  = 183,153) were identified in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. SMRs were calculated as observed deaths among endometrial cancer survivors over expected deaths among demographically similar women in the general U.S.
 
  Five-year relative survival was estimated at diagnosis and each additional year survived up to 12 years post-diagnosis, conditional on survival up to that year.
 
  For the full cohort, 5-year relative survival was 87.7%, 96.2%, and 97.1% at 1, 5, and 10 years post-diagnosis, respectively. Conditional 5-year relative survival first exceeded 95%, reflecting minimal excess mortality compared with the general population, at 4 years post-diagnosis overall.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ins018-055-ism001-055.html  However, in subgroup analyses, conditional relative survival remained lower for Black women (vs. White) and for those with regional/distant stage disease (vs.