Ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) has been shown to produce extensive structurally informative data for a variety of chemically diverse compounds. Herein, we demonstrate the performance of the 193 nm UVPD fragmentation technique on structural/moiety characterization of 14 singly charged agrochemicals. Two-dimensional mass spectrometry (2DMS) using infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) and electron-induced dissociation (EID) have previously been applied to a select range of singly charged pesticides. The ≥80% moiety coverage achieved for the majority of the species by the UVPD and 2D-UVPD methods was on par with and, in some cases, superior to the data obtained by other fragmentation techniques in previous studies, demonstrating that UVPD is viable for these types of species. A three-dimensional (3D) peak picking method was implemented to extract the data from the 2DMS spectrum, overcoming the limitations of the line extraction method used in previous studies, successfully separating precursor specific fragments with milli-Dalton accuracy. Whole spectrum internal calibration combined with 3D peak picking obtained sub-part-per-million (ppm) to part-per-billion (ppb) mass accuracies across the entire 2DMS spectrum.As key characteristic molecules, several H2S-activated probes have been explored for colon cancer studies. However, a few ratiometric fluorescence (FL) probes with NIR-II emissions have been reported for the quantitative detection of H2S in colon cancer in vivo. Here, we developed an in situ H2S-activatable ratiometric nanoprobe with two NIR-II emission signals for the detection of H2S and intelligently lighting up colon cancer. The nanoprobe comprised a down conversion nanoparticle (DCNP), which emitted NIR-II FL at 1550 nm on irradiation with a 980 nm laser (F1550Em, 980Ex). Further, human serum albumin (HSA) was combined with Ag+ on the surface of DCNP to form a DCNP@HSA-Ag+ nanoprobe.  https://www.selleckchem.com/Androgen-Receptor.html  In the presence of H2S, Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) were formed in coated HSA, which emitted FL at approximately 1050 nm on irradiation with an 808 nm laser (F1050Em, 808Ex) through an H2S-induced chemical reaction between H2S and Ag+; however, the FL signal of DCNP was stable at 1550 nm (F1550Em, 980Ex), generating a H2S concentration-dependent ratiometric F1050Em, 808Ex/F1550Em, 980Ex signal. The NIR-II ratiometric nanoprobe was successfully used for the accurate quantitative detection of H2S and the detection of the precise location of colon cancer through an endogenous H2S-induced in situ reduction reaction to form Ag2S QDs. Thus, these findings provide a new strategy for the specific detection of targeted molecules and diagnosis of disease based on the in situ-activatable NIR-II ratiometric FL nanoprobe.Energy and fresh water are essential for the sustainable development of human society, and both could be obtained from seawater. Herein, we explored the first covalent organic framework (COF) sponge (named BHMS) by in situ loading the benzoxazole-linked COF (DBD-BTTH) onto a porous polymer scaffold (polydimethylsiloxane) as a synergistic platform for efficient solar desalination and selective uranium recovery. In natural seawater, BHMS shows a high evaporation rate (1.39 kg m-2 h-1) and an exceptional uranium recovery capacity (5.14 ± 0.15 mg g-1) under 1 sun, which are due to its desirable inbuilt structural hierarchy and elastic macroporous open cells providing adequate water transport, increased evaporation sites of seawater, and selective binding sites of uranyl. Besides, the excellent photothermal performance and photocatalytic activity endow the BHMS with high solar desalination efficiency and excellent anti-biofouling activity and promote selective coordination of uranyl.Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a fast-growing field in crystalline porous materials, have achieved tremendous success in structure development and application exploration over the past decade. The vast majority of COFs reported to date are designed according to the basic concept of reticular chemistry, which is rooted in the idea that building blocks are fully connected within the frameworks. We demonstrate here that sub-stoichiometric construction of 2D/3D COFs can be accomplished by the condensation of a hexagonal linker with 4-connected building units. It is worth noting that the partially connected frameworks were successfully reticulated for 3D COFs for the first time, representing the highest BET surface area among imine-linked 3D COFs to data. The unreacted benzaldehydes in COF frameworks can enhance C2H2 and CO2 adsorption capacity and selectivities between C2H2/CH4 and C2H2/CO2 for sub-stoichiometric 2D COFs, while the reserved benzaldehydes control the interpenetrated architectures for the 3D case, achieving a rare non-interpenetrated pts topology for 3D COFs. This work not only paves a new avenue to build new COFs and endows residual function groups with further applications but also prompts redetermination of reticular frameworks in highly connected and symmetrical COFs.In this study, we propose a top-down approach for the controlled preparation of undercoordinated Ni-Nx (Ni-hG) and Fe-Nx (Fe-hG) catalysts within a holey graphene framework, for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to synthesis gas (syngas). Through the heat treatment of commercial-grade nitrogen-doped graphene, we prepared a defective holey graphene, which was then used as a platform to incorporate undercoordinated single atoms via carbon defect restoration, confirmed by a range of characterization techniques. We reveal that these Ni-hG and Fe-hG catalysts can be combined in any proportion to produce a desired syngas ratio (1-10) across a wide potential range (-0.6 to -1.1 V vs RHE), required commercially for the Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis of liquid fuels and chemicals. These findings are in agreement with our density functional theory calculations, which reveal that CO selectivity increases with a reduction in N coordination with Ni, while unsaturated Fe-Nx sites favor the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The potential of these catalysts for scale up is further demonstrated by the unchanged selectivity at elevated temperature and stability in a high-throughput gas diffusion electrolyzer, displaying a high-mass-normalized activity of 275 mA mg-1 at a cell voltage of 2.5 V. Our results provide valuable insights into the implementation of a simple top-down approach for fabricating active undercoordinated single atom catalysts for decarbonized syngas generation.