However, both triangular keels and flexible finlets generate less thrust than other models either without these features or with modified keels or finlets, leading to a tradeoff between power consumption and thrust. In addition, we use micro computed tomography (µCT) to show that the flexible lateral keels possess a lateral line canal, suggesting these keels have a sensory function. The curved and fully-attached base of tuna pectoral fins provides high lift-to-drag ratio at low angles of attack, and generates the highest torques across speeds and angles of attack. Therefore, curved, fully-attached pectoral fins grant both better gliding and maneuvering performance compared to flat or curved, partially-attached designs. We provide both three-dimensional models of tuna morphology derived from µCT scans and conclusions about the performance effects of tuna-like features as a resource for future biological and engineering work for next-generation tuna-inspired AUV designs. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) has been widely used as a host material for low- and medium-power diode-pumped solid-state lasers due to its excellent thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. This work demonstrates the synthesis and site symmetry tunning of polycrystalline YVO4 Eu nanoparticles with uniform size and shape using a continuous-flow microreactor at high pressures. High-quality YVO4 Eu nanoparticles were created using a residence time of fewer than 20 seconds. Carefully controlling the heat flux and flow rate can produce the YVO4 Eu nanoparticles showing different crystallinity, crystal morphologies, site symmetry around Eu3+, and therefore optical emission. The site symmetry of YVO4 Eu is adjusted without any stoichiometric modification of the precursors by simply varying the flow rate and heat flux of the microreactor. The site symmetries of the as-synthesized YVO4 Eu nanoparticles are studied by investigating their photoluminescent emission spectra and computational model of first-principle density functional theory (DFT). The DFT model indicates that the oxygen vacancy influenced the V-O association and the overlap between Eu 4f and V 3d states which can contribute to different optical transitions and, therefore, distinct emission spectrum. The use of a continuous flow microreactor at high pressure provides better understandings of the hydrothermal syntheses of functional nanoparticles and enables scalable manufacturing concurrently. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.A correlated metallic state can arise as a result of the presence either strong charge or strong spin fluctuations. In the first case, as was shown first in (2004 Phys. Today 57 53) for the Hubbard model on the Bethe lattice, the system is a correlated metallic state close to the Mott-insulator state if the ratio of the value of the Coulomb interaction parameter U and the band width W is [Formula see text]. The later case exist if [Formula see text] and Hund's exchange parameter [Formula see text]. In both cases narrowing of the bands near the Fermi level and renormalization of the effective electron mass is observed, although the mechanism for realizing this state will be fundamentally different. We performed the electronic structure calculations of the paramagnetic phase [Formula see text]-iron which is a typical Hund's metal. We showed that the statistical distribution of charge between possible electronic d-configurations has a very weak dependence on the exchange interaction and is specific for metals. Aron.In this work, a new hybrid optical Janus color architecture is introduced that can lead to impressive, highly directional optical properties. Based on a simple and straightforward annealing process, a thin metallic nanoparticle metasurface is produced, which forms a strong light absorption layer and creates optical Janus effects in a multilayer structure. The observed reflective color is remarkably different on one side of the structurally colored material than that obtained on the other side. The optical properties of the systems under different geometric and compositional situations are performed. The asymmetric color materials could hold broad application prospects such as displays, color filters, architecture, and anti-counterfeit labels.Resonant optical mode excitations in semiconductor nanowires result in enhanced absorptions. Nominally, only the diameter dependent radial mode excitations have been considered for the increased absorption. In this paper, we try to understand how the length of the nanowires affects the resonant wavelength and peak absorption wavelengths. We answer two questions viz (1) at what minimum length are radial optical modes stabilized and dominate the absorption characteristics and (2) do longitudinal modes play a role in absorption characteristics especially in determining the resonant wavelength. Two different semiconductors are studied viz silicon and gallium arsenide. We find that even nanowires as short as 200 nm exhibit absorption characteristics dominated by the radial mode excitation. However, for lengths smaller than 200 nm, the optical characteristics are dominated by scattering. Further, we observe that longitudinal modes are excited in low absorption semiconductor materials like silicon for lengths up to 700 nm and the absorption peak depends both on the diameter and the wavelength. Further, shorter length nanowires may have higher absorption than the longer ones in this regime. We also observed that scattering from the nanowires is less than 2% of the incident light. For higher absorption semiconductor like GaAs, absorption characteristics are mainly determined by the radial mode excitations even for shorter lengths. The results provide further insight into the radial mode excitations in semiconductor nanowires.The objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between sports participation and health care costs in older adults. The sample was composed of 556 participants (145 men and 411 women) who were followed from 2010 to 2014. The engagement in sports considered three different components (intensity, volume, and previous time). Health care costs were assessed annually through medical records. Structural equation modeling (longitudinal relationship between sport and costs) and analysis of variance for repeated measures (comparisons over time) were used. Health care costs increased significantly from 2010 to 2014 (analysis of variance; p value = .001). Higher baseline scores for intensity were related to lower health care costs (r = -.223, 95% confidence interval [-.404, -.042]).  https://www.selleckchem.com/Proteasome.html  Similar results were found to volume (r = -.216, 95% confidence interval [-.396, -.036]) and time of engagement (r = -.218, 95% confidence interval [-.402, -.034]). In conclusion, higher sports participation is related to lower health care costs in older adults.