Mean age of this cohort was 76.2 ± 10.3 years, 78.8% were female. After 1-year participation in the program, all patients had received bone mineral density tests, and medication adherence for the entire cohort at 12 months was 91.9 ± 19.6%, with significant improvement in fall rates (23.4% reduction), exercise rates (16.8% increase), calcium intake (26.5% increase), vitamin D intake (26.4% increase), and adequate protein intake (17.3% increase) (all p < 0.05). After 1-year OLS program, the overall rates of mortality, incident fracture, and falls were 6.6%, 4.0%, and 24.3%, respectively.
 
  The OLS program is associated with improved osteoporosis care, including increased medication adherence, calcium/vitamin D and protein intake, and reduced fall rate.
 The OLS program is associated with improved osteoporosis care, including increased medication adherence, calcium/vitamin D and protein intake, and reduced fall rate.Air pollution is a major threat to global health, which is associated with several adverse health outcomes and increased mortality. Few studies have investigated the association between air pollution and osteoporosis, and their findings were inconclusive. Our objective is to determine whether exposure to outdoor air pollution is causally associated with risk of osteoporosis. A systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library for publications up to December 2020 was conducted for studies reporting the association between air pollution and osteoporosis. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled effect size of air pollution on osteoporosis using the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ro5126766-ch5126766.html  Quality assessment was conducted, and all statistical analyses were performed by RevMan 5.3 software. Our search identified 9 eligible studies involving 9,371,212 patients. Meta-analysis revealed that there was an increased risk of osteoporosis (total body BMD and hip fracture) as a result of exposure to air pollution including PM2.5 and NO2. However, no significant excess risk of osteoporosis was found regardless of PM10, NO, and O3. In spite of a few number of epidemiological studies selected in the present literature review, this study indicated that the increased exposure to air pollutants was positively associated with high risk of osteoporosis. Further cohort studies with large sample sizes are needed to investigate different constituents and the duration of exposure of air pollutants.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increases the risk of coagulopathy. Although the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) has been proposed as a possible mechanism of COVID-19-induced coagulopathy, its clinical significance remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of aPLs among critically ill patients with COVID-19. This prospective observational study included 60 patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units (ICU). The study outcomes included prevalence of aPLs, and a primary composite outcome of all-cause mortality and arterial or venous thrombosis between antiphospholipid-positive and antiphospholipid-negative patients during their ICU stay. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the influence of aPLs on the primary composite outcome of mortality and thrombosis. A total of 60 critically ill patients were enrolled. Among them, 57 (95%) were men, with a mean age of 52.8 ± 12.2 years, and the majority were from Asia (68%). Twenty-two patients (37%) were found be antiphospholipid-positive; 21 of them were positive for lupus anticoagulant, whereas one patient was positive for anti-β2-glycoprotein IgG/IgM. The composite outcome of mortality and thrombosis during their ICU stay did not differ between antiphospholipid-positive and antiphospholipid-negative patients (4 [18%] vs. 6 [16%], adjusted odds ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.1-6.7; p value = 0.986). The presence of aPLs does not seem to affect the outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in terms of all-cause mortality and thrombosis. Therefore, clinicians may not screen critically ill patients with COVID-19 for aPLs unless deemed clinically appropriate.
  The direct anterior approach (DAA) is suggested to accelerate postoperative recovery and decrease the dislocation risk after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, exposure of the femur can be challenging. Insufficient exposure increases the risk for intraoperative femoral fracture.
 
  Of 435 consecutive anterior THA, the first 102 consecutive THA in 94 patients were treated with an external rotator tendon "release-on-demand" (RoD). The following 311 consecutive patients (333 THA) underwent routine release of the conjoint tendon (CTR) of its bony insertion on the greater trochanter only. Retrospective analysis recorded trochanteric fractures, intraoperative calcar fractures, postoperative periprosthetic fractures, stem subsidence, ossifications, and dislocations.
 
  Three (2.9%) fractures of the greater trochanter were recorded in the RoD group, but no (0.0%) fractures occurred in the CTR group (p = 0.002). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of intraoperative calcar fractures (0% (RoD) vs. 1.2% (CTR), p = 0.267), postoperative periprosthetic fractures (0% (RoD) vs. 0.3% (CTR), p = 0.560), stem subsidence (2.0% (RoD) vs. 1.2% (CTR), p = 0.565) or ossifications (2.9% (RoD) vs. 1.6% (CTR), p = 0.344) between these groups. There were no dislocations within a minimum 12months follow-up period.
 
  The routine release of the conjoined tendon (CTR group) decreases the shear forces on the tip of the greater trochanter during DAA THA and eliminates the risk of greater trochanter fractures. The routine release of the conjoined tendon did not increase the risk of postoperative dislocations.
 The routine release of the conjoined tendon (CTR group) decreases the shear forces on the tip of the greater trochanter during DAA THA and eliminates the risk of greater trochanter fractures. The routine release of the conjoined tendon did not increase the risk of postoperative dislocations.