Preclinical look at recombinant HFMD vaccine based on enterovirus 71 (EV71) virus-like contaminants (VLP): Immunogenicity, efficacy as well as toxicology.
 6% of KLAL eyes. The mean BCVA was 20/158 for KLAL eyes compared with 20/100 for lr-CLAL eyes at the last follow-up. A smaller proportion of lr-CLAL eyes (30.2% compared with 43.3%) developed an episode of acute rejection, and a higher proportion of these episodes resolved with treatment in the lr-CLAL group (79.0% compared with 53.6%). CONCLUSIONS lr-CLAL demonstrates lower rejection rates, improved graft survival, and better BCVA compared with KLAL. Both careful preoperative donor selection and triple-agent systemic immunosuppression (including tapered systemic corticosteroids) are critical to optimizing the ocular surface stem cell transplantation outcomes.PURPOSE To examine the epidemiological characteristics, trends, risk factors, management strategies, and clinical outcomes of Candida albicans and non-albicans keratitis over a 15-year period in a tertiary Canadian eye center. METHODS In a retrospective observational case series of Candida keratitis from 2003 to 2017, demographics, risk factors, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at initial and final consultations, medical and surgical management, and follow-up duration were recorded. RESULTS Twenty-one cases of Candida keratitis were identified (62.5% of total fungal keratitis; 10 C. albicans and 11 non-albicans). The most commonly associated risk factors were topical steroid use (16 patients, 76%), ocular surface disease (15 patients, 71%), contact lens use (11 patients, 52%), and previous corneal surgery (8 patients, 38%); all patients had 2 or more combined risk factors. The number of patients with a visual acuity of 20/200 or better remained the same before and after the treatment (5/21, 24%). The mean duration of the antifungal treatment was 98 ± 126 days.  https://www.selleckchem.com/EGFR(HER).html  Sixteen patients ultimately required surgical management (76%; 12 therapeutic keratoplasties, 3 enucleation, and 1 optical keratoplasty). When comparing C. albicans with non-albicans keratitis, we found no difference in presenting visual acuity, final visual acuity, or requirement for surgical management. CONCLUSIONS Candida keratitis accounts for the most identified fungal keratitis cases in this temperate climate area. An exposure to multiple risk factors appears necessary. A surgical intervention is required for the resolution of most cases. Different subspecies of Candida ultimately resulted in similar clinical outcomes.Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection (HSV) is rare in neonates, with an estimated global incidence of 10 per 100,000 live births. Neonatal HSV is challenging to diagnose due to often vague signs and symptoms. Untreated, the mortality of some HSV subtypes exceeds 80%. Overtesting and overtreatment can result in prolonged hospitalizations and expose neonates to medication toxicity. In contrast, prompt evaluation and use of empiric antiviral therapy before the results of definitive testing can improve outcomes for infants with HSV. A wide degree of practice variation exists with respect to testing and treatment for neonatal HSV, and more research is required to safely risk-stratify this population. This review presents the epidemiology, risk factors, presenting features, and emergency department management of neonatal HSV infection.PURPOSE The objective of this study is to present clinical outcomes with addition of topical cyclosporine while managing cases of "idiopathic canalicular inflammatory disease" and to propose a modified treatment protocol. METHODS Prospective case series of 88 canaliculi of 44 eyes of 22 patients diagnosed as "idiopathic canalicular inflammatory disease" at a tertiary care Dacryology service over a period of 2 years. All the patients were diagnosed based on the published major and minor criteria and each of the canaliculus was clinically staged. All patients were treated initially with a combination of topical cyclosporine (0.05%) and rapidly tapering topical steroids followed by punctal dilatation and placement of mini-monoka stents after control of inflammation. Monoka stents were extubated at 6 weeks and the cyclosporine was continued for at least up to 3 months beyond the extubation of stents. Patient demographics, investigations, response to cyclosporine, management modalities, recurrence of inflammation,ammation and disease downstaging in patients with idiopathic canalicular inflammatory disease. The current modified treatment protocol salvages majority of the canaliculi.PURPOSE Advances in surgical approaches have improved access for total or near-total resection of spheno-orbital meningiomas (SOM). Herein, the outcomes of multidisciplinary resection and reconstruction of SOM via frontotemporal orbitozygomatic craniotomy at a single institution are evaluated. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients with SOM who underwent joint neurosurgical and oculofacial plastic resection via frontotemporal orbitozygomatic craniotomy between January 1999 and December 2018. Demographic data, clinical presentation, risk factors for meningioma, radiographic imaging, pathology results, postoperative outcomes, and surgical complications were reviewed. The outcome measures assessed included visual acuity, pupillary function, color vision, ocular motility, visual fields, and proptosis. RESULTS A total of 48 patients were identified having had multidisciplinary frontotemporal orbitozygomatic craniotomy for SOM of which 43 met inclusion criteria. A mean follow-up period oter surgery (p less then 0.001). Before surgery, 19 (45%) patients had a relative afferent pupillary reaction with improvement in 9 (24%) after surgery. Of the 14 (33%) patients with preoperative ocular motility deficit, 7 (16%) had resolution of ocular motility deficit postoperatively.  https://www.selleckchem.com/EGFR(HER).html  The most common surgical complications were temporalis muscle atrophy with temporal hollowing (14%), wound infection (7%), neurogenic strabismus secondary to trochlear nerve palsy (5%), restrictive strabismus (5%), and aponeurotic blepharoptosis (5%). CONCLUSIONS Multidisciplinary frontotemporal orbitozygomatic for resection of SOM is a safe and effective means of tumor removal. It can provide improved visual acuity and proptosis metrics, as well as relief of optic neuropathy and ocular motility deficits.