001) in DR (+) compared to DR (-) patients. Also, increased levels of HbA1c was significantly associated (P<0.001) with decreased SOD in both subgroups (NPDR and PDR). DR severity was significantly associated with SOD and CAT in the NPDR and PDR subgroups (P<0.05).
 
  Oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant defenses are associated with DR progression to its PDR stage.
 Oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant defenses are associated with DR progression to its PDR stage.The aim of this study was to explore association of physical activity and sitting time with overweight/obesity in Chinese occupational populations for the development of intervention and prevention strategies for obesity.
  A total of 23,112 participants were selected from the 2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS). A logistics regression model was used to examine the associations of physical activity and sitting time with overweight/obesity by gender after adjusting for age, educational level, marital status, and family economic level.
 
  The prevalence of overweight/obesity based on the WHO definition and the WGOC definition was 30.8% and 41.3%, respectively. Male employees with moderate and heavy occupation activity intensity had a lower risk for overweight/obesity than those with light occupation activity intensity (moderate OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.98; heavy OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.65-0.86), and the risk of overweight/obesity of male employees with long work-time spent sitting was higher thanode, and increase leisure-time physical activity to decrease the risks of overweight/obesity.
  Diabetes diagnosed within the first 6 months of life is defined as neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM). Mutations in the KCNJ11, ABCC8, and INS genes are the most common cause of permanent NDM. In populations with a high rate of consanguinity, Wolcott-Rallison syndrome caused by biallelic EIF2AK3 mutations is common.
 
  We studied the clinical characteristics and underlying genetic cause of disease in 15 individuals with diabetes onset before 6 months of age as defined by sustained hyperglycaemia requiring insulin treatment. Patients who had a remission of the diabetes, defined by a normal blood glucose and HbA1c value without insulin or sulphonylurea (SU) treatment, within the first 18 months of life were classified as having transient NDM (TNDM).
 
  We report 15 patients with NDM from 14 unrelated families, including 10 with reported parental consanguinity. 1/15 patients had a remission of diabetes, leading to a diagnosis of TNDM. Mutations were detected in 80% (n = 12/15) of the cohort (ABCC8 [n = 4], PTF1A-distal enhancer [n = 3], KCNJ11 [n = 2], EIF2AK3 [n = 1], INS [n = 1], and SLC19A2 [n = 1]). All cases were initially treated with multiple dose insulin injections. One patient with an ABCC8 mutation transitioned from insulin to SU resulting in improved metabolic control at the age of 20 years.
 
  Although the number of individuals born to consanguineous parents was considerably high in this cohort, KATP channel mutations (ABCC8/KCNJ11) were more common than EIF2AK3 mutations (n = 6 vs. n = 1). Genetic analyses should be performed in all NDM cases due to the potential impact on treatment and prognosis.
 Although the number of individuals born to consanguineous parents was considerably high in this cohort, KATP channel mutations (ABCC8/KCNJ11) were more common than EIF2AK3 mutations (n = 6 vs. n = 1). Genetic analyses should be performed in all NDM cases due to the potential impact on treatment and prognosis.Arc-therapy is a dose delivery technique regularly applied in photon radiation therapy, and is currently subject of great interest for proton therapy as well. In this technique, proton beams are aimed at a tumor from different continuous ranges of incident directions (so called 'arcs'). This technique can potentially yield a better dose conformity around the tumor and a very low dose in the surrounding healthy tissue.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ziritaxestat.html  Currently, proton-arc therapy is performed by rotating a proton gantry around the patient, adapting the normally used dose-delivery method to the arc-specific motion of the gantry. Here we present first results from a feasibility study of the conceptual design of a new static fast beam delivery device/system for proton-arc therapy, which could be used instead of a gantry. In this novel concept, the incident angle of proton beams can be set rapidly by only changing field strengths of small magnets. This device eliminates the motion of the heavy gantry and related hardware. Therefore, a reduction of the total treatment time is expected. In the feasibility study presented here, we concentrate on the concept of the beam transport. Based on several simple, but realistic assumptions and approximations, proton tracking calculations were performed in a 3D magnetic field map, to calculate the beam transport in this device and to investigate and address several beam-optics challenges. We propose and simulate corresponding solutions and discuss their outcomes. To enable the implementation of some usually applied techniques in proton therapy, such as pencil beam scanning, energy modulation and beam shaping, we present and discuss our proposals. Here we present the concept of a new idea to perform fast proton arc-scanning and we report on first results of a feasibility study. Based on these results, we propose several options and next steps in the design.Removal of heavy metal ions (HMIs) has attracted great attentions due to the fact that they have serious effect on environment and human beings. Manganese oxide (MnO2) was widely used as absorbent for the HMIs removal on account of its low-cost, eco-friendly and biocompatibility. The modification of morphological and structure is recognized as the effective route to improve the adsorption capacity. In this work, 2D α-MnO2 nanosheets were synthesized by hydrothermal method with Al3+ additive. With the merits of high specific surface area, high dispersity in aqueous solution and abundant surface defects content, 2D α-MnO2 nanosheets exhibited excellent HMIs adsorption performance. The maximum adsorption capacity of 2D α-MnO2 nanosheets reached 1.604 mmol g-1 (Pb2+) and 0.813 mmol g-1 (Cd2+), respectively and can maintain stable after five cycles. Besides, the established adsorption kinetics fitted well with pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics model. Based on the above results, 2D α-MnO2 is efficient for the removal of HMIs and possesses remarkable practical application potential.